ISB 201 1st Edition Lecture 17 Outline of Last Lecture I. Water QualityII. Water Pollution Outline of Current Lecture III. Weather and Climate IV. Atmosphere V. Interaction between light and matterVI. Gas Composition and TempVII. Green House Effect Current LectureI. Weather and ClimateA. Weather- atmospheric conditions for a small geographic area over a short period of time, “look out the window”B. Climate- weather patterns for large geographic areas over long periodsC. “Climate is what we expect weather is what we get”II. Atmosphere- the layer of gasses surrounding the earth (apple skin thickness) A. Exosphere- highest layer, above is outer space; thin airB. Thermosphere- start to get temp with increase in matterC. Mesosphere- middle, ‘falling stars’ increased friction from increased matterD. Stratosphere- ozone is the only gas that absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun, protecting the earth’s surface from UV ray damage E. Troposphere- closest to the earth; all the weather III. Interactions between light (temp) and matter (atmosphere)A. Reflection- light in light out; no heat energyB. Absorption- light absorbed by gas or molecule; light becomes heat energyC. Transmitted-light passes through; only a small amount is absorbed and transmitted into heatD. Gas Composition and temp1. CO2 only O.035% shows that such a small amount has a large effect; doesn’t take a lot to have significant change2. Oxygen Carbon Dioxide Cycle on Eartha. Photosynthesis: water + CO2 O2 + sugarb. Respiration: O2 + sugar CO2 + waterThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. Happens at the cellular level to all living thingsii. Campfire exampleE. Origins of Earth’s atmosphere a. Early volcanic activity volcanoes released soot and gasses into atmosp.b. Global warming potential (GWP): measures ability of gasses to hold onto heat in atmosphere c. Temp begins to drop as CO2 decreases through cyanobacteriad. More cyanobacteria and photosynthesise. Oxygenated period: red rock formation when iron rusts with increased O2f. Multicellular plants appear; more O2F. ***more photosynthesis CO2 decreases and O2 increasesIV. Green House Effect (GHE) natural process where heat is absorbed by greenhouse gasses AND re-directed back to earthA. Water vapor, CO2, CH4, N2O, O3B. Factors that influence GHE1. Composition of gasses2. Amount of sunlight absorbedi. Albedo effect: the reflectivity of a surfaceii. Positive feedback loop: addition of one thing leads to moreof the same
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