HW #4 Photosynthesis (10 multi-choice questions to register answers in Mastering) 1. Which of the following is NOT supported by the information inthe Figure?A. The absorption of light by chlorophyll a is associated withregions of the most photosynthetic activity.B. Peak absorbances of both Chlorophylls a and b are associatedwith peak regions of photosynthesis, too.C. Plant parts with high amounts of chlorophylls a and b willappear green, where as those with high amounts of carotenoids willappear yellow, orange, or red to the human eye.D. Carotenoids absorb some wavelengths of light that are notabsorbed by chlorophyll a, but are still associated with regions ofphotosynthetic activity.E. Chlorophylls a and b are the pigments which drivephotosynthesis; whereas carotenoids do not.2. The useful product(s) of the light-capturing reactions ofphotosynthesis, required to reduce carbon dioxide into sugar, include(s)A. ATP + NADHB. ATP + NADPHC. O2 D. All of the above (ATP, NADH, NADPH, and O2)E. B & C 3. As electrons pass through the system of electron carriers associated with photosystem II, they lose energy. What happens to this energy? A. It excites electrons of the reaction center of photosystem I. B. It is lost as heat. C. It is used to establish and maintain a proton gradient for the generation of ATP.D. It is used for phosphorylation of NAD+ to NADPH, while NADPH accepts electrons from the photosystem I. E. It is used to energize electrons in photosystem I to reduce NADP+ to NADPH.4. All of the following about cyclic electron flow in photosynthesis are true EXCEPT…A. Cyclic flow produces ATP B. Cyclic electron flow bypasses one of the photosystems’ reaction centersC. Cyclic electron flow enables production of more ATPD. Cyclic electron flow produces no NADPHE. Cyclic flow produces 025. During non-cyclic electron flow in photosynthesis, the high-energy electron from chlorophyll P680A. eventually moves to NADP+ B. becomes incorporated into water molecules.C. is pumped into the thylakoid space to drive ATP production.D. provides the energy necessary to split water molecules.E. falls back to the low-energy state in photosystem II.6. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about photorespiration?A. It uses ATP rather than generating it.B. Unlike photosynthesis, photorespiration produces no sugar.C. It consumes CO2 and produces O2.D. It occurs in the light.E. C and D (both C and D are NOT TRUE about photorespiration).7. Which of the following does NOT occur during the Calvin cycle?A. carbon fixationB. release of oxygenC. regeneration of the CO2 acceptorD. oxidation of NADPHE. consumption of ATP8. What is the name of the stacks of flattened, sac-like structures comprised of internal membranes, found inside chloroplasts?A. granaB. thylakoidsC. stromaD. matrixE. chlorophyll9. Which of the following is NOT true about the Calvin Cycle?A. It requires ATP and NADPH in order to carry on.B. It takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts.C. The Carbon atom in CO2 is oxidized.D. It requires the enzyme rubisco to fix CO2 gas.E. It produces a 3-Carbon sugar.10. Based on your knowledge of the function of the enzyme rubisco, what would you predict happen as a result of the burningof fossil fuels over the past 100-plus years?A. Increased amounts of photorespiration. B. Increased amounts of the production of 3-phosphoglycerate for use in the Calvin Cycle. C. Decreased rate of overall photosynthesis. D. A & C (select D if both A and C would be plausible predictions).E. B & C (select E if both B and C would be plausible predictions).Enzymes1. Can a catalyst make a nonspontaneous reaction occur spontaneously? (Blue Thread p 146)2. See text Fig 8.15b. Explain why the relative activity appears to drop off in this figure, when it has been shown that reaction rates tend to increase at higher temperatures (as shown in Fig 8.4). (Blue Thread p 149)3. Explain how an enzyme’s active site can reduce the activation energy of a reaction. (Blue Thread p 152)4. Why is activation energy a blessing for organisms?5. Why is it essential for a cell to be able to control enzyme activity? What are some ways this task is accomplished and why are some more appropriate for certain sorts of chemical