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MU PHY 182 - Nuclear Reactions and Electric Current
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PHY 182 1st Edition Lecture 21Outline of Last Lecture I. Potential EnergyII. Parallel Plate CapacitorsIII. Conductors in EquilibriumOutline of Current Lecture I. Nuclear Fusion ReactionsII. Electric CurrentCurrent LectureNuclear Fusion Reactions- The sun produces its huge amounts of energy through fusion reactions.- These reactions occur through the conversion of hydrogen to helium. This process releases large amounts of thermal energy.- The amount of hydrogen being converted is on the order of hundreds of millions of tons per second.- Nuclear fusion reactions also occur in modern bombs. A fission reaction (which were the reactions that occurred in earlier bombs) triggers a fusion reaction. This chain reaction results in much more energy being produced.Electric Current- Charges in motion will move from one region to another. If this movement is on a closed path, it is called an electric circuit.- Freely moving electrons in a metal behave similarly to an ideal gas. This is why they are sometimes referred to as an "electron gas". The only difference is that the These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.electrons move much faster that the molecules in a normal gas. The electrons move at a velocity of approximately 1 million m/s.- The movement of free electrons in a metal is random, so it is not an electric circuit. However, if you introduce an electric field in the metal, the electrons will feel a force and their movement will be impacted and their velocity will be dampened.- The force that the electron feels is equal to its charge multiplied by the magnitude of the electric field.- The disposition of the particle due to this force is equal to its velocity multiplied by the change in time. This velocity is known as the drift velocity and is usually on the order of 10-4 m/s.- Current is equal to the change in charge divided by the change in time. The SI unit forcurrent is an ampere. 1 A = 1 C/s- Another important variable that you will have to calculate is n, which is equal to the charged particles per unit of volume. This is known as the particle concentration and its units are usually electrons/m3.- You will sometimes be asked to calculate the variable J (current density). This is equalto current divided by the cross-sectional area.- Mean free time (Greek letter tau) is the time between


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MU PHY 182 - Nuclear Reactions and Electric Current

Type: Lecture Note
Pages: 2
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