HIST 105 1st EditionExam # 2 Study Guide Terms 1. Republicanism - Political Idea - Virtuous Leaders - 4 Main Parts:- Popular Sovereignty - Virtue- Independence - Balance of Power and Liberty- Replace Constitutional Monarchy- Equality = Equal Opportunity 2. Thomas Jefferson- Third President (1801-1809)- Not at Constitutional Convention (France)- First Secretary of State - Second Vice President - Leader of Democratic Republicans or Jeffersonian Republicans 3. Townshend Acts (1767)- Revenue- raising measure imposing duties, for the first time, on colonial imports from within the British Empire4. Federalist Party- Support manufacturing- Strong national government- Judiciary- Pro- British in foreign policy - Pro Bank of US- Only elite can be virtuous- Party formed to help answer the question of how to interpret and use the constitution5. Tea Act (1773)- NOT a tax on tea- Bailout for East India Company (EIC)- British gave EIC a monopoly on selling tea in the colonies and gave the colonists a lower price on tea to encourage them to buy it- Monopoly scared colonists- Led up to Boston Tea Party6. Stamp Act 1765- Tax used in England since 1964- On paper products (hurt middling to wealthy people)- Helped (an event that led up to) the formation of protest groups such as Loyal 9 and Sons of Liberty7. George Robert Twelves Hewes- The Shoemaker and the Tea Party- At Boston Massacre- At Boston Tea Party 8. French and Indian War (1754-1763)- French and Indians vs. Colonists and British Soldiers - Seven Years War in Europe (1756)- George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity (starts war)- Representatives meet in Albany, NY- Redcoats sent to defend colonists- British win, sign Peace of Paris - Leads to 3 major conflicts between British and colonists1.) Writs of Assistance2.) Native American Policy3.) British National Debt 9. Jeffersonian Republicans (Democratic Republicans)- Jefferson and Madison Leaders- Anti-Hamilton’s plan 10. Bill of Rights - Reason Constitution “passed” (Anti-federalists would not agree to ratify theConstitution without it)- Ratified ion Dec 15, 1791- First 10 amendments to the constitution - Based on rights of Englishmen- James Madison promised he would write it if they agreed to ratify the constitution- All states EVETUALLY accepted it 11. Proclamation Line of 1763 - Boundary the British established in the Appalachian mountains, west of which white settlement was banned; it was intended to reduce conflict between Indians and colonists- After Pontiac’s Rebellion - British soldiers (10,000) stayed as well12. Common Sense- Pamphlet written by Thomas Paine- Published in 1776- Attacked King George III- Argued against Monarchy- Advanced “Patriot’s cause”13. Molly Pitcher - Born in 1754- Molly Ludwig Hayes - Carried water to troops during the war- “Battle of Monmouth”Essays 1. Explain at least 10 British policies/acts/laws and why the British enacted them during or after the French and Indian War and until 1776. Explain the colonists’ specific responses to those policies and why they felt actions against those policies were necessary. Be sure to mention whether the new law was a new tax, whether it violated the rights of Englishmen, or if it did neither of these things. Be specific and use the lectures, the text, and The Shoemaker and the Tea Party to support your answer. 2. Compare and contrast the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution. Include: When was each document created? Why was a revision of the Articles considered necessary? How do both incorporate ideas of Republicanism? What about slavery? What are the branches of government in each? Why? What do the branches do? Include a discussion of the Bill of Rights: In which document is it found? Why was itadded? What does it say? Describe the First Party System: What were the parties and what were their