HST 010 1st Edition Lecture 15Outline of Last Lecture This lecture finishes off the French revolution notes and explains how the French Republic was created. Additionally Napoleons rise to power is explained in its entirety, and finally the French colony and then Republic of Haiti is described.Outline of Current Lecture This lecture talks about the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in England and the processes that were included during the movement.Current LectureIndustrial Revolution: 12th lecture slideshowBackground to the Industrial Revolution- Market Globalization- The “industrious Revolution”o New Foods (from Columbian Exchange)o Better Farming Techniqueso New Attitudes regarding labor and consumptiono Britain took lead in better production of foodo New attitude regarding labor and consumption (especially in Britain)o People felt they should have more stuff (especially in Britain, North America, Western Europe)- End of the Plague and improved climate (end of little Ice age In 1700th century)- Population Growth (by 1850 population is around 265 mil.) in EuropeGreat Britain’s Industrial Revolution- Why Great Britaino Britain was relatively stable (minimal conflict since 1600s)o Overseas Trade (colonial empire and solid control with growth and income)o Leaders in the slave tradeo Most advanced banking system (bank of England, controlled rates of interest [low] and money supply is steady allowing for business growth) o Favorable geography (access to navigable water, rivers for powering mills)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Good transportation with both roads and canalso Very rich in Iron and coal (staples of the Industrial revolution and success)o Had a large and well paid labor pool (due in part to healthy food source) This was a push to create machines and invest in them)- Inventing, mechanization, and an industrious attitudeo Main industry was the textile industry original Prior to mechanization the system was called putting out system Organization of a labor force to do it manually in stages (spinners, weavers, dyers, and so forth) Efficient system but allowed autonomy, Also weavers could weaver faster than cotton could be spuno People started to invent to over come slower spinning, spinning jenny created o Weaver then replaced by flying jennyo Finally power loom was invented- Water power was originally used to run textiles but there was inefficiencies (good places forwater wheels far away- Steam Engine revolutionized by James Watt and Matthew Boulton(investor)- Steam Engines work so well because of the creation of the metal lathe which produced precision parts- Puddling system (coke burns out iron impurities from pig iron [a process formerly very time consuming] ) after the puddling system iron in purer form becomes more readily available and allows for more machines to be madeBritish Productivity- Textiles (cotton) per yearo 1760 (2.5 mil lbs.)o 1860 (mil lbs.)- Irono 1740 (17,000 tons)o 1850 (3 mil tons)A new econmy- Exponential growth of inventivenesso Steam locomotive (1804) and railways (1825)o Steamship 1780s (improved by Robt. Fulton, 1807)o McCormick reaper and electric telegraph (1834)o Screw propeller, breech loading musket, and revolver (1836)o Bicycle and camera (1839)o Sewing machine(1849) (mechanize the final stage of the textile industry)- The first military Industrial complexo Private industry responds to the call for uniforms, munitions, arms, and ships- Beginnings of consumerism and advertising (create the consumerist)- The Factory system o Replaces putting out systems with factoriesoo Time as measurable commodityo Disturbance of family and community People had to move to where the factories were, leave others behind Enormous growth of the cities Communities destroyed through addition or loss of new peopleo “Alienation of Labor” and the “cash nexus” Disconnect between owner and worker worker has no ownership of anything in the factory no buy in in the businesso Urban squalor, crime, and diseaseRedressing the imbalances in Great Britain- Concern that women are in the work areas and “sex could occur”, children going un-educated could also fornicate young- Bourgeois liberalism vs. social welfare- Parlimentary commissions called to fix problems caused via industrializationo Saddler commission (1831) to see problems via calling in owners and clergymeno Factory Act (1833) specifies working hours, decreases child hours to work, increase the working conditionso National poor relief (1834) Help the poor and destituteo Much of this comes from a fear of