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PSU BIOL 240W - Homeostasis Review, Reproduction

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BIOL 240W 1st Edition Lecture 22Outline of Last Lecture I. Negative Feedback LoopsII. Homeostatic Regulation of Blood PressureIII. The Circulatory SystemOutline of Current LectureI. Worksheet on Homeostasis LectureII. Circulatory SystemIII. ReproductionCurrent LectureI. Worksheet on Homeostasis Lecturea. Cara drinks a large amount of fluid, and as all of the water is absorbed into her blood stream, her blood pressure begins to rise (stimulus). As a result…b. Baroreceptors (sensor) will stretch and then generate more action potentials per second. These actions potentials travel to the integration centers.i. Baroreceptors are located in the chest (aorta) and neck (corroded artery)c. The vasomotor center (integration center) will generate fewer action potentials per secondi. This will cause the blood vessels (target) to dilateii. The effect will be that blood pressure will decrease (response)d. The cardioinhibitor center (integration center) will generate more action potentials per secondi. This will cause the heart (target) rate to slow downii. The effect will be that blood pressure will decrease (response)e. The cardioacceleratory (integration center) center will generate fewer action potentials per secondi. This will cause the heart (target) rate to slow downii. The effect will be that blood pressure will decrease (response)f. Integration centers are located in the braing. This is a negative feedback loopII. Circulatory Systema. 5 quarts of blood in our body. This is not enough blood to feed all of our organsb. Vasoconstricting and vasodilating blood vessels can regulate where all blood is sentThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. negative feedback loops aid in this processIII. Reproductiona. Sexual reproductioni. Haploid gametes are produced through meiosis. Males undergo spermatogenesis, and oogenesis occurs in femalesii. Gametes come together to form a haploid zygoteiii. We reproduce to increase the total number of offspring over generationsiv. Genes are combined and mixedb. Asexual reproductioni. “a” means withoutii. Fission occurs when the parent splits itself into two individuals1. Ex: sea anemoneiii. Fragmentation/Regeneration1. Body can be fragmented and each piece regenerates what is missingiv. Budding1. New individuals arise from existing ones2. Ex: hydra3. Differs from fission because new individual is much smaller than parent individualv. Parthenogenesis1. An egg (oocyte) is developed, but the individual will develop without fertilization2. Could grow up to be haploid, but the individual may also be diploid3. Ex: whiptail lizard; every individual is femalevi. Asexual reproduction produces offspring with maternal DNA much quicker whilepreserving the genes1. Beneficial in stable environmentsc. Reproduction is tied to environmental cuesi. Stimuli affect hormone levels in individuals. These become signals, affecting biology and behavior of an


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PSU BIOL 240W - Homeostasis Review, Reproduction

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