BIOSCI 152 1st Edition Exam #3 Study Guide Plants Section: Exam III review questions – March 2015The following diagram shows light period (white) and dark period (black) over 24 hours. Which of the following is correct?I. Long day plants will not flower J. Short day plants will flower K. Long day plants will flower L. Short day and long day plants will flower M. Neither short-day or long-day plants will flower Which of the following describes how water moves in relation to osmosis across a cell membrane?a. Water moves from high solute concentration to low solute concentration b. Water moves from high ions concentration to low ion concentration c. Water will move in and out of cells but there will be no net movement d. Water will move from low ion and solute concentration to high ion and solute concentration e. Ions can move by osmosis but water cannot move through membranes Which of the following are the greatest threats to plant diversitya. Herbivores and pathogens b. Ozone hole and increased UV c. Temperature increases d. Loss of habitat and invasive species e. Higher CO2 concentrations Which of the following accurately describes the effect of greenhouse gases on temperature?a. Greenhouse gases increase incoming solar radiation, warming the earth b. Greenhouse gases trap cool air in the stratosphere, warming the surface of the earth c. Greenhouse gases trap solar radiation within the atmosphere, warming the earth d. Greenhouse gases trap humid air which just feels warmer e. Greenhouse gases cool the earth’s surface Which of the following accurately describes how the light and dark reactions of photosynthesis interact?a. The light reactions fix CO2 in the light and the dark reactions fix CO2 when it is dark b. The light reactions occur in the chloroplast using light energy and the dark reactions occur in themitochondria independent of light c. The light reactions fix CO2 into sugars using ATP and NADPH from the Calvin cycle These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.d. The dark reaction fix CO2 into sugars using ATP and NADPH from the light reactions The light reactions harvest energy in the mitochondrial electron transport chainWhich of the following accurately describes C3, C4 and CAM plants?a. C4 and CAM plants are well adapted to cool moist conditions b. C3 plants use photosynthesis for energy harvesting and C4 and CAM plants use respiration c. C4 and CAM plants are well adapted to dry conditions in deserts and grasslands d. All crop plants are C3 plants because they are more productive (e.g. corn, sugarcane) e. C3 plants grow in hot climates, and C4 plants grow better in cold places Which of the following processes drive water from the soil all the way to the leaves?a. Osmosis and diffusion b. Water potential () c. ATPase pumps d. Phloem pumping e. Fire trucks Which of the following are xerophytic adaptations to dry very habitats?a. Thick waxy cuticle b. Very reduced leaves c. Succulent water-filled leaves d. CAM photosynthesis e. All of the above Which of the following are true statements about macro and micronutrients for plants?a. N,P, and Fe are all macronutrients needed in large quantities from the soil b. Cu, Mo and Ni are all macronutrients needed in large quantities from the soil c. N, P, K, Ca are all micronutrients needed in only very small quantities from the soil d. N, P, K, Ca are all macronutrients needed in large quantities from the soil e. C, O and H are micronutrients gained from the soil Which of the following are correct descriptions of nutritional adaptations in plants?a. Lichen associations between plants and fungi b. Mycorrhizal associations between plants and nitrogen-fixing bacteria c. Legume-rhizobial associations which provide phosphorus to the plant d. Legume rhizobial associations which provide fixed nitrogen to the plant e. Associations between plants and pathogenic fungi Which of the following nutrient elements are likely to be gained from nutritional adaptations?a. Carbon b. Oxygen c. Nitrogen d. Phosphorus e. c and d Which of the following correctly describes sensory responses and hormones in plants?a. Plants use hormones to respond to biotic stimuli (e.g. pathogens) only b. Plants respond to light by phototropism which is regulated by ethylene c. Ethylene inhibits fruit ripening and cell elongation d. Auxin is involved in cell elongation required for phototropic responses e.Gibberellins cause gravitropism Which of the following correctly describes phytochrome role in plants?a. Phytochrome is a hormone which stimulates cell elongation e.g. in phototropism b. Phytochrome is a photoreceptor which responds to red and far red light c. Phytochrome is a photoreceptor which responds to blue light d. Phytochrome is a hormone which stimulates fruit ripening e. Phytochrome is a hormone produced in roots, which travels in xylem and stimulates stomatalclosure in leaves Which of the following correctly describes transgenic plants?a. have been bred over hundreds of generations to include special traits b. have been grown in tissue culture c. contain bacteria d. have been crossed with another species to get a hybrid e. have had foreign or altered genes introduced into their genomes Which of the following accurately describes secondary compounds in plants?a. Primary and secondary compounds are made by all plants but participate in different reactions b. Primary compounds are made only by lower plants and secondary compounds by angiospermsand gymnosperms c. Primary compounds are important for defense and pollinator attraction and secondarycompounds are involved in core metabolismd. Primary compounds are important for core metabolic processes while secondary compoundsare involved in defense and pollinator attraction e. You could differentiate plants on the basis of primary but not secondary