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UM BIOH 113 - System Pressures
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BIOH 113 1st Edition Lecture 14Outline of Last Lecture I. Capillary BedsII. Venous SystemIII. Vascular AnastomosesIV. Blood FlowV. ResistanceVI. Systemic Blood PressureVII. Arteriol Blood PressureVIII. Capillary Blood PressureIX. Venous Blood PressureX. Maintaining Blood PressureXI. Blood flow through TissuesXII. Capillary ExchangeOutline of Current Lecture I. Capillary ExchangeII. Net Filtration PressureIII. Circulatory PressureIV. Hepatic Portal SystemsCurrent LectureI. Capillary Exchangea. Respiratory Gases and Nutrients:i. Oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and metabolic wastes diffuse between the blood and interstitial fluid along concentration gradients1. Oxygen and nutrients pass from blood to tissues2. Carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes pass from tissues to the bloodb. Bulk flow fluid movements: i. Hydrostatic pressure—pressure exerted by a liquidThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. Within vessels, the hydrostatic pressure is due to the water in the plasma exerting a force against the vessel wall—this is called blood hydrostatic pressure (BHP)2. The interstitial fluid has a hydrostatic pressure too but it is close tozero—this is the interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (IFHP)ii. Osmotic pressure—pressure of a fluid due to its solute concentration1. The higher the solute concentration, the greater the osmotic pressure and the MORE water is drawn to the solution2. Largely due to presence of large proteins3. In the vessels, large proteins that cant diffuse out create a blood colloid osmotic pressure4. In the interstitial fluid there are very few proteins so this is the interstitial fluid osmotic pressurec. Fluid movements:i. Filtration: pressure driven movement of fluid and solutes from the capillaries into the interstitial fluid1. Two pressures promote filtration: blood hydrostatic pressure and interstitial fluid osmotic pressureii. Reabsorption: pressure driven movement from the interstitial fluid into the capillaries1. Two pressures promote reabsorption: blood colloid osmotic pressure and interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressureiii. Direction and amount of fluid flow depends upon the difference between:1. Blood hydrostatic pressure2. Blood colloid osmotic pressureiv. BHP: pressure of blood against capillary walls1. Tends to force fluids through the capillary walls2. Is greater at the arterial end of a bed than at the venule endv. BCOP (blood colloid osmotic pressure): created by nondiffusable plasma proteins which draw water towards themselvesII. Net Filtration Pressure (NFP)a. NFP: considers all the forces acting on a capillary bedb. At the arterial end of a bed, hydrostatic forces dominate—fluid flows outc. At the venous end, osmotic forces dominate—fluid flows ind. More fluids enter the tissue beds than return blood, and the excess fluid is returned to the blood via the lymphatic systemIII. Circulatory Pathwaysa. The vascular system has two distinct circulationsi. Pulmonary: short loop that runs from the heart to the lungs and back to the heartii. Systemic: routes blood through a long loop to all parts of the body and returns to the heartIV. Hepatic Portal Systema. Includes all veins draining the digestive organs, spleen and pancreasb. The major branches dumping into hepatic portal system directly are the: i. Splenic veinii. Right and left gastric veinsiii. Superior mesenteric veinc. Then filtered through liver sinusoids and continues through hepatic veins into superior vena cavad. Veins not included: renals; suprarenals; gonadals; phrenics; ililacs;


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UM BIOH 113 - System Pressures

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