MGMT 105 1st Edition Exam # 3 Study Guide Lectures: 19-23- Motivation: set of forces that cause us to act in a certain way- Employee Behavior: the pattern of actions (how they respond to certain situations)- Organizational Citizenship: positive behaviors that don’t directly contribute to the bottom lineo Example: saying “WE are so happy to have you at Texas A&M” - Personality: psychological attributes that distinguish one person from another- Agreeableness: ability to get along with someone- Conscientiousness: reflection of the number of things a person tries to accomplish- Emotionality: degree to which a person tends to be positive or negative in their outlook- Extraversion: person’s comfortable with relationships- Openness: reflects how open or rigid a person is in terms of his or her beliefs- Emotional Intelligence (Emotional Quotient, EQ): extent to which people are self-aware, can manage their emotions, can motivate themselves, express empathy for others, and possess social skillso Self-Awareness: person’s capacity for being aware of how they are feelingo Managing Emotions: person’s capacities to balance anxiety, fear, and anger Example: man tearing up and getting so choked up he couldn’t finish a speecho Motivating Oneself: person’s ability to remain optimistico Empathy: person’s ability to understand how one feels without being explicitly toldo Social Skills: person’s ability to get along with others and to establish positive relationships- Fredrick Taylor: author of scientific managemento Referred to as a classical theory of motivation- Study done by GE – what’s done to motivate workerso If lowered lights and talk slow in class, we’d be sleepo in the study, productivity increased when they raised lighting- Hawthorne Effect: tendency for productivity to increase when workers believe they’re receiving special attention from management- Theory X: theory of motivation holding that people are naturally lazy and uncooperative- Theory Y: theory of motivation that people are naturally energetic, growth-oriented,, self-motivated, and interested in being productive- Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs:o 1. Oil company laying off 9,000 employees, worker primary concern is physiological needs (how’s he going to provide for the family)o 2. Security: insurance; high school you know everything about schoolo 3. Social Needs: not working for money but for friends and support; family passed away so the woman goes to work every day and makes sure all of her employees have what they needo 4. Esteem needs: sororities put emphasis on status (Letterman in high school)o 5. Self-Actualization needs: when I get my degree I’ve made it; once one has reached the top, they go back to the bottom- Highest motivation is an office with windows- Selecting Human Resourceso Interviews Structured formal process  Non-structured- Ex: tell me about yourself Stress: chair without legs to see how you deal with stress- Ex: golf ball question; can you think analytically Behavioral: give an example of a time you had to redirect people o INTERVIEWS ARE ALWAYS BIASo Halo Effect: make positive judgement (Aggie Ring)o Horn Effect: make negative judgement ( you won’t like me because I went to UT)- On the Job Training: sometimes informal, conducted while an employee is at work- Off the Job Training: conducted in a controlled environment away from the work site- Vestibule Training: off the job training conducted in a simulated environment o Law enforcement - Performance Appraisal: evaluation of an employees’ job performance o Ex: he got all “3’s”- Incentive Program: special compensation program designated to motivate high performanceo Ex: Haliburton program (30 people and $125,000 incentive)- Bonus: performance incentive in the form of a special payment made over and above the employee’s salary- Cafeteria Benefits Plan: sets limits on benefits per employee each of whom may choose from a variety of alternative benefits- Equal Employment Opportunity: legally mandated nondiscrimination employmenton the basis of race, creed, sex, or national origin- Sexual Harassment: unwelcome sexual advances in the workplace- Quid Pro Quo Harassment: guarantees promotion for certain sexual advances- Hostile Work Environment: feeling threatened in a hostile work-environment- Expectancy Theory: says people are motivated to work toward rewards that they want and believe they have a reasonable chance of obtainingo Example: learning to ride a bike- Equity Theory: we evaluate our treatment relative to the treatment of others o Ex: letting Wehner staff leave at 2pm- Management by Objectives (MBO): manager sits down with employees and together they set goals - Participate Management and Empowerment: giving employees a voice in the management of their jobs and the company- Job Enrichment: method of increasing job satisfaction by adding 1 or more motivating factors to job activities o Ex: giving employee key to close store- Flextime Programs: method of increasing job satisfaction by allowing workers to adjust work schedules on a daily or weekly basiso Ex: Apple giving flextime so employees can spend more time with family- Telecommuting: form of flextime that allows people to perform some or all of a jobaway from standard office setting- Human Resource Management (HRM): attract, develop, and maintain an effective workplace- Job Description: duties and responsibilities o Ex: requires working in inclement weather- Job Specification: KSA(knowledge, skill, and ability)o Ex: 3-5 years’ experience, degree needed- Forecasting Internal Supply: number and type of employees who’ll be in the firm at some future dateo Ex: 2 final candidates, one internal and the other external; internal gets chosen because they already know how things are being run within the firm- Forecasting External Supply: number and type of people who’ll be available for hiring from the labor market at large (brings creativity and new ideas)- Selecting Human Resourceso Application Formso Testso Interviewso Polygrapho Drug Testso Credit Checkso References- Leadero Adjective: describes a persono Not always in the spotlighto Initiates and maintain relationships with followers- Leadershipo Adverb: describes an actiono A processo Involves influenceo Occurs with a group context to attend to a common goal- Leadership is a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal- Jerry Jones was a