COMM 122 1st Edition Lecture 15Outline of Last Lecture I. NewsII. Powers and Duties of the FCC; Section 315 and the Fairness DoctrineIII. Emphasis on Public Interest obligationsIV. FCC Powers and DutiesV. Informal RegulationVI. 2 Competing Applicants for a License FavorVII. Ways in which government rules have directly affected contenta. Section 315b. Fairness DoctrineOutline of Current Lecture I. Violence and Self RegulationII. Pastore HearingsIII. WLBT caseIV. Citizens GroupsCurrent LectureViolence and Self-Regulation- Threat of government regulation swings back and forth—the government might do something about this in the mediao During the Superbowl, people started to get fined - Broadcasters have freedom of speecho Licensed as public interest Pastore Hearings 1972- 1968—National Commission Months of hearings about the commission- All they did was review the research that existed and asked what the studies showsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- After the media report came out, Senator John Pastore asks Surgeon General to undertake new researcho Determined there was a connection between smoking and cancer This gave the government the right to regulate tobacco Previously, TV was filled with commercial about smoking - They were going to try to reduce TV violence in attempt to regulate violence- NIMH forms Surgeon General’s Scientific Advisory o Sent the list of names for the committee—broadcast networks had the right to eliminate people from the research that they saw as unfriendlyo 7/12 had connections with the networkso 23 new studies done—all methods—showing positive link between TV VIOLENCE and AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR Committees summary report: watered down with qualifiers—“preliminary and tentative indication of a causal relation between viewing violence on television and aggressive behavior”- “Inconclusive evidence”—the networks are happy because they said they had a large scientific evidence- NYT: TV Violence Held Unharmful to Youth”o Had four days of hearings - Since the 1996 Telceommunications Act: Parents can program TV’sto block out shows for children Until WLBT case: court ruled that citizens could file a petition to deny- Regulation dominated by Congress, FCC, and Broadcast Industry o After WLBT, Citizen’s Group became active Religious groups Ethnic groups Single issue groups PTC forerunners: Coalition for Better TV (Wildmon)o When we have a democratic president there is a lot of concern about violence but not as much about sexo When we have a republican president there is a lot of concern about sex but not as much about sexCitizen’s Groups- Petition to Deny:o Ascertainment: stations no longer had to find out what was going on in the community and reflect their concerns (doesn’t exist)o Fairness Doctrine: (doesn’t exist)o Euqal Employment Opportunities Regulations: never even get looked at or examined by FCC The little power the citizens had to file a petition to deny, was systematically decreased Self Regulation: They said don’t regulate us, we can regulate ourselves - FCC Chair Richard Wiley: Family Viewing Hour (1974) o House of Representatives said they would implement the family viewing hour  New commitment to reduce sex and violence Warnings on air and in listings  No “inappropriate programs before 9pm- Who challenged?— the Writer’s Guild, Screen Actors Guild, Directors’ Guild o Violated creator’s freedom of speecho