Slide 1The Horse: Scientific ClassificationEvolution of the HorseEvolution of the HorseHorse RelativesBrief History of the HorseBrief History of the HorseBrief History of the HorseModern Horse IndustryModern Horse IndustryModern Horse IndustryModern Horse IndustryTennessee Horse IndustryTennessee Horse IndustryModern Uses of HorsesSlide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Questions?Introduction to Horses and The Horse IndustryANSC 160Spring 2013The Horse: Scientific ClassificationKingdom – AnimaliaPhylum – ChordataClass – MammaliaOrder – PerissodactylaFamily – EquidaeoGenus – EquusoSpecies – Equus caballusEvolution of the HorseEvolution of the HorseHorses are prey animalsEyes set on sides of the headTwo narrow blind spots“Fight or flight” instinctHorses are flight animals – run first, ask questions later!Horses are herd animalsSafety in numbersVery sensitive to moods and emotionsHorse RelativesBrief History of the HorseOriginsNorth America~ 60 million years of evolution“Modern” horse ~ 1 million years agoIce Age migrationLand bridgesExtinction in North America~ 12,000 years agoBrief History of the HorseEarly human/horse interaction = predator/preyProbably first domesticated around 4500-2500 BCChina and MesopotamiaDraft animal before riding animalBrief History of the HorseMan has used horses for:FoodTransportationHair/peltDraft animalWarGreatest contribution to human historyModern Horse Industry~ 60 million horses worldwide~10 million in U.S.Most U.S. horse used for recreation and showing2 million U.S. horse owners2.6 million other people involved in the horse industryU.S. horse industry provides 1.4 million full-time job equivalents$101 billion total impact on U.S. GDPModern Horse Industry~41% of U.S. horse owners are ages 45-59~45% have a household income of $25,000 - $74,999~57% live in communities of 20,000 or lessModern Horse IndustryNumber of horse by state (2002):(1) Texas: 978,822(2) California: 698,345(3) Florida: 500,124(4) Oklahoma: 326,134(5) Kentucky: 320,173(14) Tennessee: 206,668Modern Horse IndustryHorse Density(1) Kentucky(2) Florida(3) Ohio(4) Virginia(5) Indiana(6) Pennsylvania(7) TennesseeHorses Per Capita(1) Oklahoma(2) Kentucky(3) Colorado(4) Missouri(5) Texas(6) Washington(7) TennesseeTennessee Horse IndustryAs of 2004, TN Equine Industry valued at $565 millionRelated assets/investments valued at $6.09 billion24% increase from 1999Annual sales of horses and related items/activities = $259 million41,000 operations with equines on property3.2 million acres67% with 5 or more horsesTennessee Horse IndustryModern Uses of