Anth 245 1st Edition Lecture 12Outline of Last Lecture- Mass Disasters - Natural Disasters - Transportation Disasters - Technical Disasters - International Disasters - Human Rights InvestigationsOutline of Current Lecture- Argentina- Steps to Excavation- Lab work- JPACCurrent Lecture Argentina 1984 Civil Society group - community organization - Grandmothers of the Plaza de mayo EAAF - Clyde Snow, a forensic anthropologist; and team scientifically excavated graves - Father of forensic anthropology and human rights issues - Spanish Acronym - Argentinian Forensic Anthropology team - EAAF - He trained 9 or 10 college students to excavate - 1985 he went back to Argentina to testify which lead to conviction of a former members of military - EAAF - renowned internationally - travel the world to recover victims of forced disappearances, identify them, and document evidence of human rights abuse - EAAF officially formed in 1986 - Clyde Snow - forensic anthropologist and team scientifically excavated grave NGO - non-governmental organizationSteps: - Location - Analyze written, oral sources - Ariel phototherapy to locate soil disturbances - Excavation - Document, photograph, map every layer evidence of violence (e.g. bullets, ligatures, etc.) - Package and transport the remains Pedestal - dig underneath so you have room to stand Lab work - cleaning of remains - MNI - MLNI - most likely # of individuals - Biological profiles (age, sex, stature, ancestry) - Demography of the mass grave - Identification of remains - Compare biological profile, artifacts to antemortem, often DNA Shinning path --> Peru - Analysis of trauma - Antemortem pathologies and trauma JPAC - Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command - CIL - central identification lab - Research recovery and ID of soldiers and civilians from past conflicts" - WWII 73,787 Missing - Korea 7,963 Missing - Vietnam 1,682 Missing - Average of 6 IDs a month - Involves specialists in archaeology, DNA, forensic anthropology, forensic odontology - Teams sent out on 35-60 day
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