PSYX 100 1st Edition Lecture 14 Outline of Last Lecture I Sleep Restriction II Sleep Disorders III Dreams IV Culture and Dreams V Dream Theories Outline of Current Lecture I Altering Consciousness with Drugs II Narcotics III Sedatives IV Stimulants V Hallucinogens VI Marijuana VII Factors Influencing Drug Use VIII Learning IX Classical Conditioning Current Lecture I Altering Consciousness with Drugs a Psychoactive drug chemical substance that modifies mental emotional or behavioral functioning b Licit legal to possess c Illicit illegal possess These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute II III IV V VI VII d Psychological dependence mental desire to achieve drug effects e Physical dependence body requires drug for daily functioning Narcotics a Morphine heroin codeine methadone opium oxycodone b Effects last 4 24 hours c Desired effect euphoria pain relief well being d Side effects lethargy impaired mental motor functioning overdose vomiting Sedatives a Xanax ambien alcohol b Decrease central nervous system activity and behavioral activity c Desired effects euphoria relaxation well being d Side effects drowsiness impairments in motor coordination hangovers brain nervous system damage Stimulants a Amphetamines cocaine crack MDMA nicotine caffeine Ritalin bath salts b Lasts anywhere from 15 minutes to 4 hours c Increase central nervous system activity and behavioral activity d Increases levels of serotonin e Desired effects increased alertness energy confidence f Side effects sleep disruptions increase in heart rate and blood pressure anxiety appetite loss dizziness links to disease g Caffeine i Most widely used psychoactive drug ii Physical dependence starts at 350 mg per day iii About 20 of the US population is dependent Hallucinogens a LSD mescaline mushrooms DMT b Last about 6 12 hours c Desired effects distort sensory and perceptual experience euphoria d Side effects bad trips doing unsafe activities impaired judgement and thoughts flashbacks Cannabis Marijuana a Psychoactive chemical is THC b Lasts about 5 hours c Effects mild relaxed euphoria relaxation increase in appetite d Side effects increased heart rate anxiety sluggish mental functioning memory loss e Medical uses glaucoma epilepsy chemotherapy Factors Influencing Drug Use a Individual characteristics age motivation mood personality previous drug experience physiology etc b Tolerance progressive decrease in someone s responsiveness to a drug c Drugs may have devastating effects on health i Overdose can be potentially fatal ii Direct effects tissue damage respiratory damage iii Indirect effects car accidents sexual assault behavior sleep VIII IX Learning a Learning any relatively durable change in behavior or knowledge that is due to experience i Shapes us and allows us to adapt ii Not an exclusively human process animal training b What we learn i To expect and prepare for significant events 1 Classical conditioning ii To repeat acts that bring good results and avoid acts that bring bad results 1 Operant conditioning iii We learn new behaviors by watching others 1 Observational learning Classical Conditioning a Name to remember Ivan Pavlov b Classical conditioning building new responses to neutral stimuli c Classical conditioning terms i Neutral stimulus no response ii Unconditioned stimulus evokes response without conditioning iii Unconditioned response unlearned reaction to unconditioned stimulus iv Conditioned stimulus previously neutral stimulus that elicits a conditioned response after conditioning v Conditioned response learned reaction to a conditioned stimulus
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