Hist 109 1st Edition Lecture 14Current LectureThe Haitian Revolution,1791-1804Major points of today’s lecture:- Haitian Revolution is catalyzed by the French Revolution, but quickly takes on a direction of its own.- Britain, France, and Spain will all fail in their attempts to suppress the Haitian Revolution- The key to understanding the Haitian Slave Revolution is to see the “slave” as AfricansA singular event in human history? Haitian rev is only example in human history where slaves rose up, overthrew their masters, created their own country and kicked their masters out. Re-enslavement attempts failed.Social divisions of St. Domingue- population of 500,000 with 50,000 whites such as French colonists who are from Europe. - Grand Blancs and Petit Blancs. 50,000 divided between these two social classes.o Grand Blancs are ones who can trace lineage to those in France and have lots of land. o Petit Blancs are middle artisan class. Found in urban areas. Lower level lawyers, bureaucrats.o Revolution sets sights on political lines. Why should people have more privilege due to their birth.o Division between grand and petit is more apparent during revolution. - Free People of Color- make up about 50,000 of the total 500,000. 10%. Found freedom in Caribbean, sometimes in urban areas. o In similar position to petit blancs. See revolution as time for them too.- African Imports- 80%, 400,000 people are enslaved. Population is constantly replenishing itself due to life span very short on plantations with hard work.- Becomes the most profitable country of sugar - Country with greatest discrepancy between ratios of masters and slavesTrans-Atlantic Slave Trade- 1785-1790 imports from the Kingdom of Kongo. Selling off war captives to Europeans - Civil war brings military soldiers to St. DomingueThe French Revolution of 1789 and the Colony of St. Domingue- Colonial autonomy- those in power push for autonomy, more political rights and to elect their own officials. - The Amis de Noirs- group that’s an abolitionist society. Strategizing how to abolish slavery. Becomes very influential.The Slave Revolution- August 1791 Revolt on the Northern Plain- 200 representatives from plantations had to strategize how. Hurricane season allows for worker slow down and - The Bois-Caiman Ceremony: these representatives met up- Voodoo cultural resistance- binds africans together and helps them make sense of their world. The Rise of Toussaint Louverture. Father was born in Africa and did have - Born Toussaint Breda- Switches from Spanish to French side- Forces emancipation in 1794- Defeats the British by 1798- 1800
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