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U of A PHIL 200 - Games and Free Will and Responsibility
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PHIL 200 1st Edition Lecture 15Outline of Last Lecture I. Argument from Equality (reasons for and against)II. Argument from the plasticity of humansIII. The view from elementary psychologyOutline of Current LectureIV: “tit for tat”V: Ultimatum/ Dictator GameVI: Free Will and Moral ResponsibilityCurrent LectureIV: “Tit for tat”“tit for tat”=starting nice then do on the next turn whatever your opponent did on the preceding turn… opponent cooperate? Opponent defect?-what does this mean for real life decision making?-it appears the best strategy is to cooperate. Start out nice and try to work with your opponent. But if your enemy messes with you, then you have to be prepared to fight back.-There would be selection pressures for humans to develop a mentality that followed tit for tat. In turn, would expect us to find human nature innately ready to be nice and cooperate, but to be prepared also to detect and punish defectors. Notice the relationship these ideas have to our innate endowments:-we will be naturally very sensitive to injustice ex.) we will be naturally on the lookout for cheating defectors-we will unfortunately, be naturally prone to fighting and violence (we need to be or we will be over run by defectors who would take advantage of us)V: Ultimatum/ Dictator GameThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Ultimatum Game:-one person is given money and asked to divide it with another confederate. He can divide it how he wants, but if the confederate dislikes the division he can reject it so no one gets anything…-the divider ought to take most and the confederate should be happy with anything. But studies show that dividers typically go for around half and confederates will accept very little less. The dictator game:-the divider gets to say how much and the confederate has no say in how much is given…Double blind dictator game:-a majority of dictators take absolutely nothing. We can be held in check by others who fight back againstour selfishness. Hence, the reason for fighting back VI: Free Will and Moral Responsibility Ex.) car breaking down.. why did it have to happen??My explanation: the car won’t work because there’s a problem with an engineMechanics explanation: way more detailed explanation.Ex.) weather.. why did it rain?My explanation: a big green blob came over Fayetteville on the radar (bad explanation)Weatherman explanation: area of low pressure coming in caused air to rise… etc.These differences suggest an assumption that we all share about the world… it works in a very rigid, predictable way. And good explanations tell us how those are.*Determinism: the view that all events, including human action and choices, are, without exception, totally determined.Ex.) the growth of a tree. The tree doesn’t choose to do anything. It is just the way it isMeaning 1: there were sufficient conditions for E (some event); that is, conditions such that given their occurrence E had to occur Meaning 2: given what preceded it, it was inevitable that E take placeMeaning 3: if we knew what the laws were, would have made it possible for one to predict the occurrence and exact nature of


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U of A PHIL 200 - Games and Free Will and Responsibility

Type: Lecture Note
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