PLPA 2010 1st Edition Lecture 13 Outline of Last Lecture I. Human PathogensOutline of Current Lecture II. Medicinal MoldsCurrent Lecture- Medicinal Molds:o Penicillin: discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928 The mold is excreting a substance that kills the bacteria around it Downstairs from Felming, CH La Touche was studying asthma and allergenic molds Later Fleming asked La Touche to help identify the mold Penicillin is a common mold “The Oxford Team” later figured out how to use penicillin Why? It is a weapon in the struggle for existence It inhibits competitors to capture a food resource Pencillin happens to be useful to us Sparked a wave of antibiotic discoverieso Other beta-lactam antibiotics: These are relatives of penicillin are the most widely used antibiotics All inhibit cell wall formation in bacteria Amoxicillin (ex) Cepalosporin Griseofulvin Actinomycetes Streptomycino Problems: Antibiotic resistance? Over-prescription Failure to follow treatments to completion Widespread use of antibiotics in food production: 70% of antibiotics used in US are for farm animalso Consequences: Estimated 23,000 deaths annuallyThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. MRSA Increased need for “second order” antibiotics with higher chances of side-effectso Pharmaceuticals form fungio Cyclosporine A is the key drug used to suppress the rejection of transplanted organs It suppresses the immune system It was extracted from a mold that lives in soilo Medicinal Mushrooms: Ganoderma Tsugae Ganoderma Lucidum Ganoderma Applanatum Valuable chemicals in shiitake mushrooms: lenatin and Len Caterpillar fungus, cordyceps sinesis, grows in the high Himalayan mountains- 100$ a gram in China- Economic boom in the last 15
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