Exam # 1 Study GuideReview Questions:Q: In the graph below, what color represents the most total interest/demand for items? The green color is going to represent the most total interest/demand for items. The short head accounts for the popular content that is and the long tail is where the popular content among smaller-based local/community lies. People want an array of choices and demand more than just the “popular” or mainstream materials. Q: What are the 5 C’s? What do they refer to? What do they tell us about social media?The Five C’s are:Choice: Social mediums today are able to provide more choice to individuals by having not only variety of options, but allowing the individual to choose for themselves how they navigate and use social media.Conversation: Social mediums provoke open discussion and conversation amongst their users through forums and discussion boards. It has also become a tool that is used for the company to get insight about how their users think of them.Curation: Users of social media are becoming their own filters, reviewers, and classifiers, as they are the ones that go through the information on social media and sort it themselves. This is done through tagging or creating folksonomies of various definitions, which ultimately places the power of sorting information in the hands of the user rather than waiting for authority to do so. ESOC 150 1st EditionCreation: Users are the ones that are creating the content found on the Internet within social mediums. Social media also allows individuals to share their created content freely and easily with other users. Collaboration: Users are more willing to come together with other users to create content to be shared among social media without any real personal gain. The five C’s refer to the five fundamental ways in which individual’s medias habits are changing while providing a better framework that can help us understand social media better.In the big picture, the 5 C’s are providing a framework that explain how the social component of media is growing and becoming more social than traditional media has been in the past.Q: What are domesticated technologies? Give examples. In Making New Media Make Sense reading, technologies that are domesticated are described as taken-for-granted parts of everyday life since they are no longer really seen as agents of change. This perspective harmonizes with social shaping as it highlights both influences on new media: technology and society, but primarily focuses on the consequences of technologies being fringe objects to objects that are embedded in everyday life. Examples of domesticated technologies are items including pens and pencils. People often disregard the importance and often dependence that are placed on those two items mainly because they are domesticated to be such natural, sort of “there without a doubt” objects. Q: From the Making New Media Make Sense reading, which theory does Baym endorse as thebest way to describe the relationship between technology and society? Baym suggests the theory of social shaping, which emphasizes the middle ground between the other theories of social constructivism and technological determinism. Within this perspective the consequences that result from technology arise from multiple “affordances”, which can be defined as the social capabilities the qualities of technology enables, and the emergent ways that people find use for such affordances. The main idea within this theory is that if technology is going to affect us in some way, the in turn it only makes sense, and is fair, tostate that us individuals are also going to have affects on technology. Baym uses a quote from Douglas that states that “machines do not make history themselves, but some machines make different kinds of histories and different kinds of people than others,” which really shows the main concept of this suggested theory.Q: What’s the biggest barrier to success that any new social networking site emerging on the market will face? The biggest barrier that companies are going to have to overcome involves “network effects”.Network effects are what occur when the value of a product or service increases by the amount of people that use it. In other words, it is going to be difficult for a new social media company to get users to switch to their company when an individual’s own network of family and friends is already dedicated to using Facebook. Q: What is technological determinism? Give example of one utopian determinist rhetoric and one dystopian determinist rhetoric. Technological determinism focuses primarily on viewing technologies, especially those that are new, as casual agents that enter societies as active forces that change humans who in returnhave little power to resist. One variant of technological determinism that is discussed in the reading is that technologies have certain characteristics that are transferred to those that actively use them, from the coined phrase of “the medium is the message”. Claude Fischer presents another variant based off “impact-imprint”, which highlights that technologies change history by transferring or imprinting their essential qualities onto their users. A utopian determinist rhetoric involves technologies being viewed as natural societal developments that are improvements on our daily life or forces that merely transform reality for the better. Such anexample of a rhetoric would be a statement that says “technology gives us the chance to stay in touch with loved ones and makes our lives better because of this”. A utopian view focuses on the perspective that technologies have improved the world. A dystopian determinist view involves the exact opposite of utopian view; they view the world as being made worse by technology. Also this view emphasizes losing control or unable to stop the changes influenced by technologies and becoming dependent on the technologies. A dystopian rhetoric involves saying that “technology is the reason that there is bullying and makes us say mean things to people online”. Q: What do Marxist critiques of Web 2.0 strategies imply about social media and Web 2.0?A. Why has there been a resurgence of interest in Marxist critiques? Due to the current economic crisis that started out as a housing/financial crisis and quickly turned into a world crisis of capitalism. Such problems brought up the question