BCOR 12 1st Edition Lecture 17Outline of Last Lecture I. Major Parts of BiodiversityII. Most Basal AnimalsIII. SpongesIV. CnidariansV. Types of AnimalsVI. Bilaterian Animals & AdaptationsVII. LophotrophozoansVIII. MollusksIX. AnnelidsOutline of Current Lecture I. EcdyozoansII. NematodesIII. ArthropodsIV. Subphyla of arthropodsV. Echinoderms Major CharactersCurrent LectureEcdyozoans - Most species rich - Have an outer coating called the cuticle- Cuticle– external covering of Ecdyozoans, consisting of layers of protein and chitinThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Has to be shed and moltedo Advantages: protection, serves as a muscle anchor, prevents desiccation, and protects against gravity- 2 phyla of Ecdyozoans: nematodes and arthropodsNematodes = round worms- Some, but not all are parasitic- They are extremely important for the function of ecosystems- Play a significant role in nutrient cycling through aiding in the decomposition of soil organic matter and the mineralization of plant nutrientsArthropods- Has over 1 million speciesShared Derived Characters:I. Segmented bodies – usually obvious in abdomenII. Hard exoskeleton – covers whole bodyIII. Jointed appendages – helpful for locomotionIV. Open circulatory systems – heart pumps fluid but it moves throughout entire body and coats organsSubphyla of Arthropods- Chelicerates – most basalo Have claw-like appendages Includes: horseshoe crabs- Myriapodso Have many legs and mandibles for feedingo Only terrestrial organismso Earliest terrestrial animals Includes: centipede and millipede- Hexapodso Have six legs and ability to flyo Most successful, mostly due to the ability to fly which enabled hexapods to: Escape predators more easily Find food and mates more easily Disperse to new habitats more easilyo INSECTS- Crustaceanso Largely aquatic Includes: crabs, lobsters, barnacles, crawfishEchinoderms Major CharactersI. Thin epidermis - no cuticlesII. Endoskeleton - internal skeletonIII. Water vascular system – network of hydraulic (water-filled) canals that branch into tube feet that have the cumulative functions of:a. Locomotionb. Feedingc. Gas exchangeIV. Tube feet – aid in locomotionV. Bilateral symmetry as
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