PSC 124 1st Edition Lecture 14 Outline of Last Lecture I. Obama speech in Prague; new START treatyII. WMDs and nuclear technologyIII. Nuclear insecurityOutline of Current LectureI. International OrderII. The United NationsCurrent LectureI. International Order- no international government- international order is based on norms, international organizations, international law,and habits (practices)- changes in norms take time and usually a major event such as big structural changes, new actors, new issues, or a revolution such as the information revolutionII. The United Nations- established in 1945 as a successor to the League of Nations- 193 member states other than non member states and IGOs- based on “the sovereign equality of all its members”- charter: “to maintain international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among nations, to achieve international cooperation in solving economic, social, cultural, and humanitarian problems and promoting human rights and fundamental freedoms These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- US military budget (640 billion) is more than 116 times the budget of the UN (5.5 billion)- Top 10 contributors to the UN: US, Japan, Germany, France, UK, China, Italy, Canada,Spain, Brazil - Structure: general assembly, security council, secretariat, international court of justice, UN programs, autonomous agencies- Security council1. 5 permanent members with veto power2. 10 non member states with a two year term; rotate regularly3. 9 out of 15 votes for a decision unless there is a veto4. decisions made bind all member states- Peace keeping operations1. UN’s own forces that are borrowed from states2. Called the Blue Helmets, they are controlled by the Security Council and assume the neutral role of keeping the peace in conflicted states3. Types of PKOs: traditional peacekeeping, wider peacekeeping, peace enforcement4. Most human contributions to the UN come from the global south- General assembly1. controls UN budget2. passes resolutions3. elects non permanent members to the security council4. coordinates UN agencies and programs- Secretariat1. executive branch (bureaucracy)2. secretary general is nominated by the security council and approved by the general assembly for 5 years at a time- Autonomous agencies1. formal ties but not under the UN’s control2. International Atomic Energy Agency, World Health Organization, UN Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization are some