COMM 105 1st Edition Lecture 7Outline of Last Lecture 1. We are a social species2. Online interactions: Boon or Bane?3. Social Networking Sites (SNS)4. How is your SNS profile perceived?5. Curvilinear Relationships6. Telepresence and CMC7. The Media Equation8. Deceiving Others Online9. Chapter SummaryOutline of Current Lecture 1. For your consideration2. Do we want to touch everyone we see?3. Building Bridges and Creating Bonds4. What is social networking?5. Social network structures6. Rules of social networks7. Connections vs. Influence8. Building closeness online9. Social Information Processing TheoryThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.10.Chapter Summary11.Review Questions Current LectureTest Next Monday 3/16. Bring 30423 scantron.Test Review on Facebook 3/13 : 3pm to 4pmChapter 8 – Falling in love (or like) onlineFor your consideration- How important is physical touch to a relationship?- What’s the distinction between weak and strong ties and why is it important when studying communication technology?- What theories describe the quality of our online relationships?Do we want to touch everyone we see?- Haptic communication – the study of touching = an important aspect of relational communication- Is touch required for relationships? It depends on our expectations- Touch is the first form of communication we experienceo An experiment showed that babies who were touched, rocked and held more when they were young had more positive social interactions when they grew up than those who were no coddled. - Function touches (like a dentist sticking his hand in your mouth); intimate touches (between a boyfriend or girlfriend); social touches (shaking someone’s hand when you meet them.- Not all relationships are intimate- The importance of haptic communication is likely a function of your relationship expectations, rather than your technologyBuilding Bridges and Creating Bonds- For the most part, people tend to organize their (offline) social networks (clusters byhomophily (similarity)- Do high levels of homophily make the most effective networks?- Diverse networks allow for bridging between unique people with unique knowledge and interests.- Diverse networks allow for bridging between unique people with unique knowledge and interests. What is Social Networking?- Social networking is a very old concept – simply fostering connections with others- Technology didn’t create the concept, but it has sped it up considerably- We can think of (internet) social networking by considering each networked person as a node in a larger social networkSocial Network Structures- Social networks can be organized by:o Bucket brigades – where each person is linked to one or two other persons (in a line)o Telephone trees – where each person is linked on way to several others whoare similarly linked (link a chain letter or chain email)- Both structures have problemsRules of Social Networks1. We shape our networks2. Our networks shape us3. Our friends affect us4. Our friends “friends” affect us5. Networks have a life of their ownBuilding Closeness Online- How can we be close to people that we can’t see or touch (such as those online)- Media Richness Theory argues that:o Technologies differ in terms of cues for communication they provideo More equivocal information requires more cues o Cues are required for related communication FtF cues = the most intimate ways - MRT claims that different communication channels can be cue-lean or cue-rich as a function of:o Bandwidth (capacity and rate)o Immediacy (of feedback)o Message personalization o Natural languageSocial Information Processing Theory- MRT argued that “more cues -> more intimate communication”- Walther (1992) challenged this with his social information processing theory o Chronemics and emoticons are both used strategically in on-line communication o Chronemics – the study of how we use time- NOTE: peoples communication goals don’t automatically change as a function of the channel used.- SIPT argues that we can think of a drink straw as an example of communication via technology:o FtF we tend to gulp lots of information at one timeo CMC, we tend to sip a little bit of information over a long period of time- In both cases, we are eventually able to get all the information we want- Yet some research found social interactions online to be more intense than offline, called hyper personal relationshipso Senders use a lack of nonverbal cues to better frame themselveso Receivers idealize senders, based on these idealized self-presentationso CMC allows for greater message controlo Confirmatory feedback results in both parties “performing as expected by theother”Chapter Summary - Many argue that authentic social interactions cannot happen using CMC- Yet these arguments forget that human goals do not necessarily change from FtF to CMC- A lack of communication cues can actually speed up online relationships as senders and receivers idealize each other in the absence of physical contact. Review QuestionsChapter 6- Why were shoes like Sesame Street and Mr. Rogers’ Neighborhood created? What types of learning did each of these shows respectively accomplish?- According to Bandura’s theory, what drives media observers (especially children) to learn and re-create behavior they see on television (or any other form of media)?Chapter 7- Describe both ARPAnet and the HomeNet project. What lessons did people learn from each project that relates to how regular people use computer mediated technology?- Explain how the concepts of telepresence and the media equation could have factored into the decision of Sal9000 to marry his favorite video game characterChapter 8- Explain how one might use chronemics and emoticons to show closeness in an online relationships, according the SIP