PaleoecologyLast LectureOutlineLectureDecomposers and transformers HerbivoresDetritus feedersCarnivoreScavengersEES 1040 1st Edition Lecture 14Paleoecology Last LectureThe Burgess Shale and the Nature of HistoryOutlineI. PaleoecologyII. Primary ProductivityIII. Marine EnvironmentsIV. Terrestrial EnvironmentsV. PaleocommunitiesLectureVI. PaleoecologyA. Ecology1. Study of interaction between organisms and their environment2. Water surface3. W Planktic4. W5. W6. W Nektic (Fish, Cephalopods)7. W8. W9. W Epifaunal (Gastropod)10. W Benthic (Gastropod) Sessile Vagile11. W Infaunal (worms, oyster)12. Sea floora. Planktic (float in water column)b. Nektic (actively swim in water column)c. Benthic (Live on or around sea floori. Epifaunal (live on top of sea floor)ii. Infaunal (lives below sea floor)d. Sessile (stationary)e. Vagile (mobile)VII. Primary ProductivityA. Primary producers1. Use environmental energy and nutrients2. Detritus feedersa. Suspension feedersb. Deposit feedersDecomposers andtransformersVIII. Marine EnvironmentsA. Continental shelf1. Shelf breaka. Continental slope i. Continental rise- Abyssal plainB. Epicontinental Seas1. Controls on marine lifea. DEPTH (most important)i. Single most importantii. Photic zone- Top layer, where there is enough light for photosynthesis Generally 100-200 mb. Temperaturei. Mostly determined by latitudeii. CaCO3iii. O16/O18- When warmer use more O18c. Salinityi. Near-shore environments (fresh water mixing with salt water)ii. Brackish- Low salt levelsiii. Hypersalinity- High salt levelsiv. Freshwater environments - Harder to live in than marineIX. Terrestrial EnvironmentsA. ELEVATION (most important)1. Polara. Glacierb. TundraB. Latitude 1. Temperate a. Evergreen forestsb. Temperate forests2. Tropicala. Savannas (grasslands)b. Desertsc. Rain forestC. RainfallX. PaleocommunitiesA. Distinct association of organisms along an environmentB. Taxon-Abundance Matrix1. Identify all species 2. Count number of individuals of each species3. Matrixa. Species 1 2 3 4 5samplesb. K Ac. K Bd. K Ce. D D4. Ordinationa. Principle
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