HYPER 205 1st Edition Lecture 13 Outline of Last LectureI. What is an Injury? II. Accident vs InjuryIII. Historical PerspectiveIV. Why Study the Biomechanics of Injuries?V. Types of InjuriesVI. Injury ClassificationVII. SprainVIII. StrainIX. InflammationX. ContusionXI. FractureXII. DislocationXIII. Healing ContinuumXIV. First Aid/TreatmentsOutline of Current LectureI. What is an Injury?II. Accident vs InjuryIII. Historical PerspectiveIV. Why Study the Biomechanics of Injuries?V. Types of InjuriesVI. Injury ClassificationVII. SprainVIII. StrainIX. InflammationX. ContusionXI. FractureXII. DisclocationXIII. Healing ContinuumXIV. First/TreatmentsCurrent LectureA. What is an Injury? 1. Def: damage caused by physical trauma sustained by tissues of the body B. Accident vs. Injury 1. Accident: unexpected, unavoidable and unintentional event C. Historical Perspective 1. Treatment of injuries are as old as them 2. Surgical instruments by Indian, Egyptians, Incas, etc D. Why Study the Biomechanics of Injuries? 1. National Safety Council: Annual cost > 435 million and 40% of hospitaladmissions 2. Unintentional injuries are 5th leading cause of death in U.S 3. Helps understand forces behind injuries and tissue damaged E. Types of Injuries 1. Macrotraumatic a. Result of trauma, produce immediate pain and disability b. Include fractures, dislocations, subluxations, sprains, strains andcontusions 2. Microtraumatic a. Often called overuse injuries — result of repetitive loading or incorrectmechanics- ex: tendonitis, bursitis, etc 3. Secondary a. inflammatory or hypoxia resulting from primary injury F. Injury Classification 1. Acute: injury that has just occurred or is only a few days old 2. Chronic: injury lasting several weeks G. Sprain 1. Injury to a ligament 2. Pain-disability 3. Joint disability 4. Classification H. Strain 1. Injury to a muscle 2. Classification I. Inflammation 1. Immune response to bodily injury 2. Not an infection 3. Cardinal signs: a. Rednessb. Heat c. Swelling d. Pain e. Loss of functionJ. Contusion 1. Bruise: localized bleeding under the skin 2. Causes a. direct blow b. tearing tissue K. Fracture 1. Break of a bone a. ex: stress, avulsion, closed, open L. Dislocation 1. Temporary movement of a bone from its original position 2. Direct force or extreme movement beyond ROM M. Healing Continuum 1. Phase 1: Inflammatory-Response (within days) 2. Phase 2: Fibroblastic-Repair (within weeks) 3. Phase 3: Maturation-Remodeling (within years) N. First Aid/Treatments 1. PRICE a. Protectionb. Rest c. Ice d. Compression e.
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