Bio 105 1st Edition Lecture 12Outline of Current Lecture I. Hierarchy RevisitedII. Organ Systems Working TogetherIII. Handouts IV. Pt IIa. Digestionsi. Getting/ Processing Foodii. The Human Digestion System1. Alimentary and Accessory Organsa. Mouth Esophagus, StomachCurrent LectureI. Hierarchy Revisiteda. Know these terms:i. Organ System 1. Multiple Organsii. Organ1. 2+ Tissuesiii. Tissues1. Cells of the same typeiv. Cell1. Basic Unit of Lifeb. Organ Systems Cooperate to support lifei. Each organ system1. Has multiple organs/ parts2. Has a specific Function(s)3. Works with other organ systems to maintain life (homeostasis!)c. HandoutThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best Used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. 11 Organ Systems1. Circulatorya. Transports nutrients, oxygen, and wastes (CO2)2. Respiratory a. Intake of oxygen, release of CO23. Integumentary Systema. Protection4. Musculara. Movement, support5. Skeletala. Support, Protection6. Urinarya. Waste excretion7. Digestivea. Intake food/ nutrients, elimination of waste8. Endocrinea. Regulates hormones9. Lymphatic / Immunea. Maintain body fluids, defense10. Nervous systema. Information processing and Response11. Reproductive Systema. Producing OffspringII. Digestiona. What do animals eat?i. Omnivore1. Plants and animalsii. Herbivore1. Plantsiii. Carnivore1. Animalsb. How do animals get food?i. Bulk feeding 1. Eating lots at a time2. Storing fooda. i.e. Humansii. Filter Feeding1. Whaleiii. Substrate Feeding1. i.e. Insectsiv. Fluid feeding1. Mosquitoesc. Bulk Feeders break it downi. Four Steps1. Ingestion 2. Digestion3. Absorption4. Eliminationd. Building Blocks i. These blocks are broken down in different areas1. Carbohydrates2. Protein3. Fats’ Lipidse. Handout 2i. Alimentary Canal1. Mouth a. Ingestioni. Mechanical 1. Jaws2. Teethii. Chemical1. Enzymes2. Saliva2. Pharynxa. Epiglottisi. Regulates trachea sphincter1. Sphincter- band of muscle controlling the opening and closing of a canala. Sphincters are located all along the digestive tract.b. Peristalsisi. Rhythmic Muscles moving foodc. Esophagusi. Smooth Muscleii. Involuntary3. Stomacha. Stores Foodb. Proteins are chemically digested herec. Gastric Juice is highly acidic (pH 2)i. Why?1. Breaks up protein2. Kills bacteria and Decontaminates bolusii. How?1. 3 Cell types in Lininga. Mucous Cells: Produces enzymes to protect lining.b. Chief Cells: Break Down Proteinsi. Produces Pepsinogenc. Parietal Cells: Make Acidi. Pepsin is activated when broken down by acidii. Accessory Organs1. Moutha. Salivary Glandsi. Responsible for Amylase Productionii. Chemical Ingestion breaks down starch.iii. “Food” becomes
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