GEOL 110 1st Edition Lecture 14Outline of Last Lecture II. Climate ChangesA. Why does the Global Climate change in cyclic patterns?Outline of Current Lecture III. Factors controlling climate changeIV. The greenhouse effectV. Why should we care?Current LectureI. Factors controlling climate changea. Climate change – a change in regional or global climate patterns. This could be recent, historic, or prehistoric. b. Global warming – a gradual increase in global temperatures generally attributed to an increase in greenhouse gasesc. The “Atmosphere”i. 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% water vapor, and a little bit of gasses and particlesd. Radiative forcing - the measurement of the capacity of a gas or other forcing agents to affect that energy balance, thereby contributing to climate change. Put more simply, RF expresses the change in energy in the atmosphere due to GHG emissions.e. No-radiative forcing - forcing agents which do not directly affect the energy budget of the atmosphere (the balance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing terrestrial radiation are considered to be non-radiative mechanisms of global climate change.II. The Greenhouse Effecta. Scattering and absorption of energy by the larger molecules in the atomosphereb. Carbon likes to be bonded. When carbon bonds are broken, it will bond with 2 oxygen molecules. Those bonds are so strong that they can’t be broken, they just heat up. This iswhere we get the idea of global warming. III. Why should we care?These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Warmer temperatures result in warmer oceans, which can change the way that ocean currents flow around the world (thermos-haline circulation)b. Changed ocean currents can cause certain places to have droughts and wildfires. The wildfires can lead to flash flooding (vegetation is destroyed and can’t stop flow of water)c. Glaciers can melt, resulting in higher ocean levels which can threaten many coastal citiesd. Because of the increased temperatures, the air can hold more moisture which could leadto more severe storms. e. Heat related conditions like heat stroke and malaria are on the