PSYCH 202 1st Edition Lecture 16contact hypothesis: I. prejudice will be reduced if different groups have a chance to interact with each other. II. conditions under which contact works: a. equal status b. personal interactions c. cooperative activities d. social norms in favor of reducing prejudice Seeing through group lens…I. Hastorf&Cantril – a. Study after Princeton vs. Dartmouth football gameSelf-other asymmetriesI. Attributions:a. explanation for why events or actions occur II. Cognitive dissonancea. state of arousal or distress associated with inconsistent beliefs, or inconsistent beliefs and actions. III. Resolving the dissonant state is motivating force.Social Dilemma: I. conflict in which most beneficial action for an individual will, if chosen by most people, be harmful for everyone. II. Problem of the CommonsPrisoner’s dilemmaI. Best strategy if just playing one round: a. DefectII. Best strategy over multiple games: a. Tit for Tat (do what your partner did last round)WWII and Nazi regime I. major impact on social psychologyThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.II. Why did “normal people” do such horrible things?III. Why did people obey the Nazis?Milgram’s studies at Yale, in the 1950's and 60'sI. Experimenter “assigned” roles to subjects:a. Teacher - (real subjects)b. Learner - (confederates) II. confederate -- a person who works with an experimenter and plays a certain role in order to produce the experimental setting. III. cover story -- what subjects are told about experiment IV. 2/3 of subjects went “all the way” (450 volts)V. Virtually all went to point when learner screamedAuthority cues I. Yale location – partial, but not entire explanationII. Lab coat, scientistIII. Demographic cuesIV. Unwavering experimenterV. 2 Experimenters disagree?VI. “Teachers” stop shocks at point where they disagree.VII. Ambiguous situation –a. more likely to rely on social cues, other peopleVIII. normative influence- a. desire to be liked, accepted and approved ofIX. informational influence- a. desire to be correct, and understand how best to
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