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CSU LIFE 103 - Hormones continued

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LIFE 103 1st Edition Lecture 18Outline of Last Lecture I. Plant HormonesII. Auxins I III. Auxins II IV. Cytokinins V. Gibberellins VI. Abscisic acid Outline of Current Lecture I. Exam topics II. Ethylene III. LightIV. PhytochromesV. SeasonsCurrent Lecture: Signal transduction and hormones II Exam topicsVI. Chapter 37: soils and plant nutrition not on examVII. 400 ppm is concentration of CO2 in atmosphere today, will go up VIII. Pg. 815-skip pg. 818-819IX. Fig. 38.5 is important X. Pg. 822-828, skip 829 and rest of chapter XI. Chapter 39, whole chapter XII. Exam next Wednesday XIII. Review session on Monday These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Clicker question: this process amplifies the signal that results when a hormone binds with a receptor? TransductionClicker question: how do proteins coded by homeotic genes affect plants? They bind to DNA and affect gene expression and development Clicker question:the structure protects the young shoot in monocot seedlings: coleoptileI. Dicot has an epicotyl to protect it Ethylene II. Produced in response to mechanical stress, induces triple response that helps growing plants avoid obstacles I. Slowing of stem elongationII. Thickening of the stem III. Stem curvature III. Ethylene pulse associated with programmed cell death IV. Ethylene triggers fruit ripening process, which causes production of more ethylene I. Why it’s good to put fruits in bag because the gas collects and allows fruit to ripen faster V. Diagram of bananas treated with ethylene shows how they differ in ripeness Biology major: a botany concentration? I. Learn: I. Biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, anatomy, physiology, evolution, ecologyII. Chemistry, physics, soils, geologyII. Apply: I. Food and nutritionII. Biofuels, wood, horticultureIII. Ecology and global changeIII. Interested? I. Professor Steingraeber: [email protected] transduction II: light and other responses What does light tell a plant? I. Natural selection has favored plants that make the “smartest decisions” about growth and reproduction II. The best “action” for a plant to take may depend on the environmentIII. Seeds with small energy reserves might delay germination until light conditions are just right IV. Trees at bottom of forest canopy should grow taller I. Those at the top should grow wider to shade out competitors belowV. Light can provide information aboutI. If there is enough light for growth II. Time of day, time of year Light color and phytochromesI. Leaves absorb red (and blue) light I. They reflect green light, and transmit “far-red” lighti. Far-red: fast moving wavelengths of light, as they get longer and slower, you get to yellow, orange, and red. This is the infrared spectrum (humans can’t see because too low of energy) II. Far red is the longest wavelength of light humans can seeII. Phytochromes are proteins that absorb either red light or far-red light. They flip-flop (r = red, fr = far red) I. When the Pr form, they absorb red light and flip to the Pfr form II. When in the Pfr they absorb far-red light and flop to the Pr form III. Fig. 39.19I. If you leave it sitting around, there is a slow conversion II. Over time, the concentration of PFr form slowly declinesIII. In natural sunlight, there is more red light than far-red light IV. Down in the canopy, the leaves at the bottom are exposed to far-red light, so they have Pr light Clicker question: a tree has most of its Phytochromes in the Pfr form. What might this mean? The leaves are at the top of the canopy and are exposed to full sunlight I. Fig. 39.17, shown with lettuce seeds II. The last color of light triggers the end of dormancyHow do plants know what season it is? I. Days are longer in summer, shorter in winter a. Short-day plants blossom in late summer, fall or


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