Psyc 3110 1st Edition Lecture 18Outline of last lectureI. Non-conformityA. Theory of ReactanceB. Minority influenceII. ComplianceIII. Obedience Outline of Current lectureIV. “Cognitive Errors”C. Availability HeuristicsD. Anchoring and AdjustingE. Gamblers FallacyV. Rational ModelsDecision making can be viewed in a dual process way- Intuition- making a decision with your gut it is quit and rooted in our emotional reactions to thing- Rationality- taking more time to make a decision. This can be more difficult, takes more time and you have to consciously engage in it.- Research has been done to find out which one Is betterCognitive “Errors”- Heuristics- shortcuts that our minds use to making thinking and deciding easier- Representativeness Heuristicso When we stereotype, we develop views about a certain category of people and then we apply characteristics to the categoryo With Representativeness with look at the characteristics and then put them in categories- Availability Heuristico Overestimating things that come to mind easilyo People think that flying in a plan is more dangerous than driving in a car even though there are more car accidents (the news can influence this) - Anchoring and Adjustment HeuristicThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o When you are exposed to numbers this can influence our later judgments and estimateso Could be used when selling a car or house (starting at a higher anchor you can still get a good deal)- Gamblers Fallacyo Thinking that random events are not random (we tend to look for patterns)o Conjunction Fallacy- thinking that unique situations are more common than simpler ones Rational Models- These are based on averages and are used in sports and businesso What is likely to happeno Maximizes your chances of getting things righto Some people prefer to rely on their intuition instead of this research- Daniel Kahnemen- thinking fast and slow, research on decision making and certainty o Associative memory system 1- intuitiveo Need to recognize situations where you are prone to error to use system 2- rationalo Says that Bush was a system 1 type of person and went on his gut feels while Obama is a system 2
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