PSYX 385 1st Edition Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture I. ExamOutline of Current Lecture I. Building the CaseII. TemperamentIII. Eysenck’s Arousal/ Activation TheoryIV. Gray’s Reinforcement Sensitivity TheoryV. Buss’ Evolutionary ApproachCurrent LectureChapt. 5 Biological Approaches/ Biological Aspects of PersonalityOutline*Building the case*Temperament*Eysenck's Arousal/Activation Theory*Gray's Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory*Buss' Evolutionary ApproachBiological Approaches* Building the case...genetics & physiology matter1. Pysiological similarities: human & animal2. Heritablility-term that reflects the degree at which a certain characteristics vary/linked to genetics<Genetic abnormalities & personalityThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.< Twin studies: identical (MZ) v. fraternal (DZ)-Remarkable similarity in many characteristics seen in MZ twins reared apart 3. Evolutionary focus: Physical characteristics are selected.< If mind/body are one...then personality was probably 'selected' tooTemperament:* Individual differences in reactivity.< Physiology guides response to environment -e.g., The infant< Underlies behavioral tendencies, not discrete acts.< Dimensions of temperament:1. Activity: Motion/movement2.Emotionality: Expressed enotion/affect3.Sociability: Engagement in interpersonal interaction--->Aggression/Impulsivity: Hostilitly proneness*Hans Eysenck: Empiricist (1916 Berlin-1997 London)*Most people of course, whatever they may say, do not in fact want a scientific account of human nature...Hence they much prefer the great storyteller, S. Freud, or the brilliant myth-creator, CG Jung, to those who..study physiological details of the nervous system, and actually carry out experiments rater than rely on interesting anecdotes, sex-riddled case histories and ingenious speculation -Hans Eysenck<Theoretical beginnings-Pavlov's dogs & 'conditionability'- Jung's introversion/ extroversion distinction<Descriptive personality theory: 1947-Statistical examination of British military*Four Superfactors of Personality1. Extraversion 2. Neuroticism 3. Psychoticism (agreableness, counscientiousness) 4. IntelligenceCont’d Next
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