BIOL 3333 1st Edition Lecture 17Current LectureWhat are epigenetic modifications?- outside the genes alteration in DNA and associated protein leading to changes in gene expression - this is potentially heritable Molecular Mechanisms:the molecular mechanisms controlling dosage compensation can differ between organisms What is an example of inequality in gene dosage mammals?- genomic imprintingWhat is Genomic Imprinting?- in mammals, a small number of genes are passed on to the zygote in an inactive forms- embryos therefore inherit only one active gene Where are genes inactivated in Genomic imprinting? - some genes are inactivated in the egg- some genes are inactivated in the spermWhen do genes show different sex-specific inactivation patterns?- during gametogenesisWhen would the offspring show a mutant phenotype in Genomic imprinting?- if one parent passes an imprinted gene and the other passes a mutationWhat is an example of maternal imprinting?*******************************What is imprinting?- when the deletion chromosome is contributed by the male and female chromosome is imprintedWhen is an imprinted gene inactivated?- when passed through a female What is an example of a gene silencing mechanism?- RNA interference- it is widely used in eukaryotic organismsHow does RNA interference work?- it works at the level of translation, as well as transcription- trans-acting single stranded micro RNAs regulate eukaryotic gene expressionThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.What was the nobel prize awarded to Andrew Fire and Craig Mello for?- for their discovery of a process through which microRNAs effect control of gene expression- RNA induced gene silencing About how many human genes are estimated to be microRNA?- at least 1/3 What is involved in chromatin and DNA modification?- X chromosome inactivation- Genomic imprintingWhat is involved in RNA mediated Gene Silencing?- RNA interference - transacting single stranded micro-RNA’s that regulate eukaryotic gene
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