BIOL 3333 1st Edition Lecture 15Outline of Last LectureHuman gene mappingSomatic cell hybridization Current LectureWhat are aberrations due to?- changes in chromosome structure- changes in chromosme numberWhat does mitogen do?- it causes peripheral WBCs to be stimulated in order to divideWhat does Colchicine do?- it increases the number of cells in metaphaseWhat does Hypotonic Solution do?- aids in spreading chromosomes What is a metacentric centromere position?- it is when the chromosome arms are equal in sizeWhat is an afrocentric centromere position?- it is when chromosome arms are different sizes What is an NOR?- a nucleolar organizing region- a site of ribosomal RNA genesWhat technique is used in Q banding?- staining with fluorescent dyes - analysis is done by fluorescent microscopy What pattern is found in Q banding?- positive bands are fluorescent- negative bands are NONflourescent What technique is used in G-Banding?These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- pre treatment is done by concentrated salt solutions at high temperatures (60 C)- then proteolytic enzymes or another method is usedWhat pattern is found in G-banding?- positive bands darkly stained- negative bands are lightly stained- the staining pattern corresponds closely to that of Q bandsWhat technique is used in R-Banding?- pretreatment is done by high temperature - controlled by pH - staining is done with Giesma - Fluorescent methods may also produce R bands What pattern is found in R-Banding?- positive bands are darkly staining - negative bands are likely staining- pattern is usually the reverse of that seen with Q and G bands What technique is used in C banding?- Pretreatment is done by bases, acids, or another method- it is then stained with Giemsa What pattern is found in C banding?- positive bands darkly staining- negative bands lightly staining- positive bands are usually present only at centromeric regions and YqWhat do landmark bands do?- they divide arms into defined regions- regions are numbered away from centromere- individual bands within regions are numbered away from
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