HST 010 1st Edition Lecture 10Outline of Last Lecture N/AOutline of Current Lecture Chinas history between the Ming and Qing Dynasty (15th century- 18th century) and Japans internal politics and dealings with Europe Current LectureChinaConsolidation of the Ming dynastyChengzu (Zhu Di), the Yongle Emperor (1403-25)- Architectural displayo The “Forbidden City” in Beijing- Projecting powero Seven voyages of Admiral Zheng He (1405-33)o Goals: display power, collect tribute, control tradeo Means: sophisticated ships and navigation technologyo Largest fleet ever assembled before WWI, witho over 300 ships and 28,000 sailors and soldiersWhy voyages endo Death of Yongle Emperor in 1424o Expense of expeditionso Fear of the sea as a place of disordero Worries about land frontierso Internal politicsChina as an economic powero Large population and citieso Manufacturing and/or export of, silk and cotton textiles, o porcelain, iron and steel, tea, gemstoneso Imports primarily silverThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Goals of Ming dynasty, after Yongle Emperoro Internal stabilityo Protection against external enemies (esp. the Mongols)o The Great Wallo Development of the bureaucratic examination systemo Importance of Confucian classics and interpretations of Zhu Xi (1130-1200)o Weaknesses of Ming dynasty- Inconsistent and ambivalent attitude toward business and trade- Under-manned civil service- Rivalry at court between scholar-bureaucrats and eunuchs- Collapse of the Ming dynasty in 1600so The Wanli Emperor, r. 1573-1620o Dominated by staff of 20,000 eunuchso Stays in Forbidden City and gives up trying to governo Ming unable to benefit from foreign tradeo Coastal attacks by “Japanese” pirateso Effects of the “Little Ice Age”o Effects of silvero Peasants begin to pay taxes in silvero Massive increase in silver from Spanish, Portuguese, and Japanese leads to inflationo Decline in silver imports in 1620s-30s leads to deflationo All this leads to widespread peasant revoltso Ming dynasty overthrown, 1644Rise of the Qing (Manchu) dynasty, 1644-1911- Manchu invited into China by Ming army in 1644- Manchu government- Reigns of Kangxi (1661-1722), Yongzheng (1722-35), andQianlong (1736-96) and competent government- Blend Manchu and Han traditions and ways of governing- Jesuits at the imperial court, 1601-1715- The Chinese Rites Controversy, late 1600s-1715- Kangxi expels all Christian missionaries- Qing expansionism, 1683-c. 1760- Regulation of trade with Europeans- The Canton System, 1759Japan- Political fragmentation and civil war, 1467-1573o Emperor a mere figureheado Daimyo, samurai, and castles- Rule of Oda Nobunaga (1573-82) and ToyotomiHideyoshi (1582-98)- Rise of the Tokugawa and the Tokugawa Shogunate, 1600-1867o Tokugawa Ieyasu, d. 1616o Battle of Sekigahara, 1600o Tokugawa takes title of Shogun (“military ruler”) and makes it hereditaryo Moves capital to Edo (Tokyo)o Controls emperoro Grants out lands to and controls marriages of daimyoo Daimyo must provide hostageso Bans
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