Lecture 4Previous LectureI. Myth TheoriesCurrent LectureII. Critical TheoriesIII. Creation Mythsa. Critical Theoriesi. Feminist: focuses on the psychological and social situation of female characters in terms of the binary nature of human beings.1. Treatment and position of women in ancient Greece: women were citizens in society; role in religious rituals was fundamental, education dependent on status.2. The theme of rape: no real distinction between love, abduction, and rape.ii. Gender relations and Homosexuality: homosexuality was accepted and accommodated as a part of life. There were no prevailing hostile religious views to condemn it as a sin. But there were serious moral codes of behavior.1. Zeus and Ganymede2. Poseidon and Pelops3. Apollo and HyacinthusCreation Myths1. Origin of the Cosmos- “ordered world”a. Birth of the godsb. Largely etiological, but also allegorical, psychological, structural and feministc. Polytheisticd. Hesiod (700 BCE) - “Theogany” & “Works and Days”i. Earliest Greek version of genesis.ii. Invocation of the Muses (daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne).e. Chaos - “yawning void” provides the beginning of creation.2. Creation Phase 1a. From Chaos came the Primordial gods and goddesses: Gaia (earth and fertility mother), Tartarus (area of depth - Underworld), Eros (Reproductive force of union/love), Erebus (darkness), and Nyx (night).b. Gaia produced on her own: Uranus (male sky/ heavens), Urea (mountains), and Pontus (sea).c. Then Erebus and Nyx produced Aether (brightness) and Hemera (day).3. Creation Phase 2a. “Holy Marriage” of Earth and Sky - Gaia and Uranus gave rise to deities all derived from nature:i. 3 Cyclopes - one eyed forged lightening and thunderbolts.ii. 3 Hecatonchires- hundred handed, strong and monstrous creatures.iii. 12 Titans: six brothers and six sisters that mate with each other.1. Oceanus, Coeus, Crius, Hyperion, Lapetus, Theia, Rhea, Themis, Mnemosyne, Phoebe, Tethys, and Cronus.iv. Succession myth begins  Cronus ends up Castrating his father Uranus, the blood lands on Gaia’s genitals to create:Erinyes (furies), Giants, Nymphs, and Aphrodite.Lecture 4Previous LectureI. Myth TheoriesCurrent LectureII. Critical TheoriesIII. Creation Mythsa. Critical Theoriesi. Feminist: focuses on the psychological and social situation of female characters in terms of the binary nature of human beings. 1. Treatment and position of women in ancient Greece: women were citizens in society; role in religious rituals was fundamental, educationdependent on status.2. The theme of rape: no real distinction between love, abduction, and rape.ii. Gender relations and Homosexuality: homosexuality was accepted and accommodated as a part of life. There were no prevailing hostile religious viewsto condemn it as a sin. But there were serious moral codes of behavior.1. Zeus and Ganymede2. Poseidon and Pelops3. Apollo and HyacinthusCreation Myths1. Origin of the Cosmos- “ordered world”a. Birth of the godsb. Largely etiological, but also allegorical, psychological, structural and feministc. Polytheisticd. Hesiod (700 BCE) - “Theogany” & “Works and Days”i. Earliest Greek version of genesis.ii. Invocation of the Muses (daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne).e. Chaos - “yawning void” provides the beginning of creation.2. Creation Phase 1a. From Chaos came the Primordial gods and goddesses: Gaia (earth and fertility mother), Tartarus (area of depth - Underworld), Eros (Reproductive force of union/love), Erebus (darkness), and Nyx (night).b. Gaia produced on her own: Uranus (male sky/ heavens), Urea (mountains), and Pontus (sea).c. Then Erebus and Nyx produced Aether (brightness) and Hemera (day).3. Creation Phase 2 CC 303 1st Editiona. “Holy Marriage” of Earth and Sky - Gaia and Uranus gave rise to deities all derived from nature:i. 3 Cyclopes - one eyed forged lightening and thunderbolts.ii. 3 Hecatonchires- hundred handed, strong and monstrous creatures.iii. 12 Titans: six brothers and six sisters that mate with each other.1. Oceanus, Coeus, Crius, Hyperion, Lapetus, Theia, Rhea, Themis, Mnemosyne, Phoebe, Tethys, and Cronus.iv. Succession myth begins  Cronus ends up Castrating his father Uranus, the blood lands on Gaia’s genitals to create:Erinyes (furies), Giants, Nymphs, and