PSY 100 1st Edition Lecture 14Outline of Last Lecture XVI. Vision ExpandedA. Parts of the eyeB. Vision and the brainC. Gestalt PsychologyOutline of Current LectureXVII. MemoryA. The influences of memoryB. Stage Model of MemoryC. Content Model of MemoryCurrent LectureXVII. Memory A. The influences of memoryThe influences of memory are Level of Processing, Serial Position and chunking. Level of ProcessingShallow processing: involves structural processing (meaning we only interpret the physical qualities of something) and phonemic processing (we interpret and encode something’s sound)Deep processing: involves interpreting the meaning of something and relating it to another and elaboration rehearsal (meaningful analysis leading to improved recall)Serial Position Effect1. Primacy: we remember things we saw first better2. Recency: we remember things we saw more recently betterChunking: grouping things together and memorizing those smaller, more manageable stringsof informationB. Stage Model of MemoryThe stage model divides memory for various time frames. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. Sensory memory (attention): Iconic (visual), echoic (auditory) environmental information is registered, large capacity for information and the duration is brief, a quarter second to 3 seconds. 2. Short-Term (working) memory (encoding and storage): new information is transferred from sensory memory, old information is retrieved from long-term memory, limited capacity for information and a temporary duration of approximately 20 seconds (can be longer with rehearsal)3. Long-Term memory (retrieval): information that has been encoded in short-term memory is stored, unlimited capacity for information and the duration is potentially permanent. There are different types of long-term memory. Explicit memory: memory with conscious recallImplicit memory: memory without conscious recallC. Content Model of Memory1. Semantic: part of explicit (or declarative) memory, memory for facts (ex: there are 7 continents)2. Procedural: part of implicit (or nondeclarative) memory, memory for events and/or activities (ex: how to drive to school)3. Episodic: part of explicit (or declarative) memory, memory for specific occasions (ex: that time you landed a 360
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