HIST 105 1nd Edition Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture I. Wars With DutchII. Navigation ActsIII. Glorious RevolutionIV. Back To Salem- Why No Governor? Outline of Current Lecture I. Great AwakeningII. EnlightenmentCurrent LectureEnd of the Puritans- Puritans kicked out Androso 1689-1692 – No governor in Massachusetts - Witch trials are delayed- Outbreak grows- When new governor arrives May 1692- New Rules for Puritans 1. Must continue religious toleration2. Land ownership but not church membership required for voting- Puritans lose power- Changes in the 18th Century 1.) Immigration Crisis 30% of all colonists have no ties to England (Germans)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Germans invited by British 2.) Epidemic Diphtheria 1730s ~ 20,000 die (mostly children)3.) Breakdown of the Family Moving west of Appalachians Premarital Pregnancyo 1730s-1740s- Colonists in “crisis”- Turn to religionI. Great Awakening (Revival)- Jonathan Edwards - minister in CT (Northampton) - 32 years old (attractive)- Frolics (teens fooling around) in woods- Youth groups - “Hellfire and brimstone” – sinners in the hands of an angry God - Choose salvation (no predestination) - George Whitefield - Inerrant minister - Visits all colonies - Mass marketing- Outdoors- Contract theology (salvation between you and God) - Individual choice - New light religion (based on emotions or feelings)- Three Meanings of Great Awakening (Historical Significance) 1.) First colonies-wide event- First thing all colonies have in common 2.) Question Authority and Rely on Own Choice/Decisions 3.) Colonies come to believe that colonies have a special relationship with God - Presidential speeches “God bless America” - WhitefieldNote: These ideas used in Revolution II. Enlightenment (Age of Reason) o 1700s, 18th Century - Embrace Science and Reason - Start in France, Scotland, and England - Question nature and human nature - Education of ministers change- Curriculum will now include natural sciences, Newtonian physics, astronomy (not astrology) - Harvard, Yale, Princeton - Promoted in colonies by Ben Franklin - 1750- Famous Colonist- Electricity - Invented bifocal and “better fireplace”Note: Orrery (planets revolving around sun model) was a very popular household item at this time. - Jonathan Edwards (naturalist) - Very detailed observations - Cotton Mather - Small-pox vaccinations Death rates went way down Pamphlet promoting “God’s Will” - Nature of Man - Born bad- Born good - “Blank slate” - Voltaire - Born good but institutions corrupt them (government and church) - Locke - Blank slate but environment influences them - Deists - Believe in God but not an active God - Social Contract- Between people and government - People owe government loyalty, government owes people the pursuit of happiness - Colonies are special - Close to
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