F. Community-Based CorrectionsSOC 2213 1st EditionExam # 2 Study Guide Lectures: 9 - 15Lecture 9-10(February 2-4) Chapter 4: Social interaction in everyday I. Social interaction – the process by which we act and react in relation to othersII. Social Structure- the cultural pattern of thought and action -Rely on sharing informationIII. Status- a social position that a person holds (what you do in everyday life, your identity) - Can have multiple statuses A. Status set- all of ones statuses together B. Ascribed and achieved statuses1. An ascribed status- one you achieve by birth ( son, daughter, sister, brother, ethnicity, race)-taken involuntary through life (born into it)2. An achieved status- a status that you have earned or created for yourself through talent or ability, reflects your ability and effort -College student is achieved status. -Can be a negative status (burglar, rapists, and murderer)C. Master status- the status that you are probably identified with the most. -This status often shapes your life. (Current identity: college student) IV. Role- the behavior of a specific status, what we expect out of that particular status. A. Role set- all of the roles togetherB. Role conflict and role strain- certain things that happen among the roles1. Role strain- the tension, the demand, among one role of a single status (mother role) expectations2. Role conflict- the same tension or demand, but is among the role of two or more statuses ( mother has another status, or role of employee). When one of the roles (mother) conflicts with another role (employee) Example: One day the child is sick and so the mother has the conflict of staying home and caring for the child, or going to work.C. Role exit- becomes, falls upon us as retirement. We leave our job to go to retirement.V. Tshe Social Construction of RealityThe social construction of reality- the process by which individuals creatively shape reality through social interaction.A. “Street Smarts”- the lingo and knowledge one may obtain about the area they are involved in.- Knowing which neighborhoods not to walk down-Realize we have to socially react to being on the street where ever you are goingB. Thomas theorem- situations that are defined as real, are real in their consequences. Example- Johnny has been told since the beginning of high school that he is not “college material”, he grows up and takes skill classes and graduates high school, and immediately starts a job with his skills background and does not go to college. Simply because he has been told andhas had the mindset that he was not “college material”.C. Ethnomethodology- studies the way that people make sense of their surroundings through everyday interactions. Harold Garfield. D. Reality Building- people in different cultures/societies, experience reality differently. Social construction of reality. E. Importance of Social Media- social media often defines our construction.- Has an impact on our reality.VI. Dramaturgical Analysis: The “Presentation of Self” - Coffman, Urban - The study of social interaction in terms of theatrical performance- Shakespeare’s concept “we are actors in this life, it’s how we live”A. The presentation of self: a person’s effort to create specific impressions in the minds of others1. Dramaturgy/Performances:- Front and back stage - Back stage- people are there normal selves, comfortable, laid back- Front stage- stage you see when actors and actresses are playing the identity being portrayed  Front stage we put up a false image of what we’d like others to see Back stage we live life the way we want when there are no people around 2. Nonverbal communication: speaking without word but with gestures  culture specific (may not mean the same in other societies) very effective way to tell if someone is lying or telling the truth there are signs to tell if someone is lying such as- rapid eye movement, lowering of eye lids, twitches3. Idealization: performances everyday interactions usually idealize your intentions4. Embarrassment and Tact: Give off signs when we are embarrassed such as blushing,D. Gender effects:- Effects in three ways:1. Demeanor: male and females have a different demeanor2. Use of personal space: when we interact, reason why we usually have space between us when we talk, and don’t want people crowding it- Men: are more direct about telling someone to move - Woman: will slowly move out of the way without saying anything if personal space is intruded 3. React differently when it comes to staring, smiling and touching- Men tend to pat each other on the back as a way to say good job to one another- Women just say good job but not very much touching VII. Interaction in Everyday Life: Three Applications A. Emotions ( feelings) I Paul Ekman six basic emotions:1. Happiness: easiest to detect2. Sadness: people show this differently than others 3. Anger: same as with sadness4. Fear: body gives of hormones in fearful situations 5. Surprise: heart rate will rise 6. Disgust: shown differently on different people- Ekman says doesn’t matter where you go you will see these emotions everywhere- Different Triggers- Three ways at which culture guides emotion:1) What triggers that emotion2) Display of emotion (different in different cultures)3) Culture guides how we value our emotions Value the fact that we teach men to mask emotions and keep them hiddenII. Culture:- Plays the most important part in guiding our emotions- We do what our culture says is right and fair when it comes to emotionsIII. Home vs. on the job:- Act differently in the work place then we do in the home- Usually hide emotions well in the work placeB. Language: - Some words have gender already built into it (ex. Bachelor, bachelorette)-Thread that holds society together - mirrors social attitudes and perpetrates it - gender specific words D. Reality Play/Humor:- Four functions in society:1) Found everywhere used as a safety valve in society2) Provides acceptable way to discuss sensitive subjects3) Relives tension in uncomfortable surroundings 4) Provides a mental escape from a conventional world that is not to our likingLecture 11-12 (February 9-11) Chapter 5: Groups and OrganizationsI. Social GroupsA social group- two or more people who identify and interact with one another ( group is two)A. Types1. A primary group is a group whose members share personal relationships.-Primary because it includes people