BIO 141 1st Edition Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture II. Genetic EngineeringIII. GenesIV. Plant BreedingOutline of Current Lecture V. Law of ThermodynamicsVI. PhotosynthesisVII. RespirationVIII. Plant cellsIX. Mitochondria X. Carbon cycleCurrent LectureLaws of Thermodynamics- Energy can be changed from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed.- Things run down. Life works only because energy flows through it. Putting energy into something can create more order. Example, taking care of a puppy. You must take care ofthe puppy or it will die and create disorder. - These 2 things are very important conceptually. Photosynthesis- Converts energy in light into chemical energy, which makes it available to almost all life on Earth. - In the presence of chlorophyll carbon dioxide and water turn into glucose and hydrogen. - Light of the right wavelength. - Requires chlorophyll, light, carbon dioxide and water.- Transfers energy to chemical bonds in glucose.- Produces oxygen and glucose. - Some energy lost as heat.- Only some cells do it. 6CO2 + 12H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2OThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2Respiration- Converts chemical energy into ATP using oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide. - ATP = energy for all living things.- Not unlike the process of burning something. Very similar process. Plant Cell- Self-contained unit.- At least partially self-sufficient unit.- Bounded by the plasma membrane. - For most plant cells a more or less rigid cell wall outside of the plasma membrane.Mitochondria- Most important feature is the shape because of the reactions they cause and the increased reaction rates.- Respond for the production of ATP.- Cellular organelle.- Site where glucose is broken down and its energy released (cellular respiration).Membranes- Move substances, transport signals, maintain chemical concentrations. Glucose- Energy from the sun is used to create high-energy bounds.- When theses are brown down, the energy is released. Cellular Respiration- Process that is the multi-step process of breaking down glucose and passing along the stored energy in the form of ATP.- In this class respiration is not breathing. Every cell respires, plant, animal and fungi. - Remember the mitochondria are in every plant, animal, and fungal cell.- Respiration requires oxygen, aerobic.- Mitochondria are the site where glucose is broken down and its energy released (cellularrespiration).ATP- Three high-energy phosphate bonds.- The energy currency of the cell.ADP- Two high-energy phosphate bonds. - The energy battery waiting for a recharge.Whole PlantThe Carbon Cycle- Photosynthesis and respiration work together. - The ocean is an important part of the carbon
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