PLPA 2010 1st Edition Lecture 10Outline of Last Lecture I. Plant DiseasesOutline of Current Lecture II. Wheat RustIII.Coffee RustIV. Rust FungiCurrent Lecture- Wheat was the crop first cultivated extensively by humanso First cultivated in the fertile crescent- Wheat Rust:o Made of masses of spiky sporeso The devastation of crops in Israel led Jews to move into Egypt, where they were persecutedo Very complicated life cycleo Sexual recombination of the wheat rust on fungus occurs on barberry shrubso No barberry= no sexo Rusts are obligate parasites They can only grow on their plant host Mycelium grows in the plant; the fungus makes wind-blown spores on theplant surfaceo Sex introduces variation that might help the fungus overcome plant defenseso No barberry? Then the sexual spores die. No new variantso In 1953: A rain of rust spores produced in fields in Kansas was deposited across North Dakota and Minnesota at a rate of over 8 million spores per hectare. The result was a 40% loss of the spring wheat crop.o Have thick, pigmented walls. They can survive in the winder over long distance without getting fired by the sun or drying out. o Can’t spray wheat with pesticides. Breed rust-resistant varieties of wheato Removing barberry bushes can help manage wheat rust- Rusts don’t always look rust, and not all plants that look brown have a rust problem- Coffee Rust:o Caused 1 billion dollars of economic damage in Latin American since 2012These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o New coffee variety called “Castillo” is rust resistanto Coffee originated in North Africa Was first seen in Sri Lanka and India Not sure of the exact answer- Rust Fungio There are very many species of rest fungi Each can attack only about 1-2 plant hosts They belong to the phylum Basidiomycotao Have complex life styles, and some need two different plant hosts to survive All are obligate parasiteso They are out ancient agricultural