ATTR 219 1st Edition Lecture 11Current LectureAdductor MagnusOrigin: ischial tuberosity, pubic rami, ischiumInsertion: from greater trochanter to linea aspera, to medial supracondylar line, adductor tubercleAction: adducts thigh, upper portion flexes thigh, lower portion extends thighNerve: sciatic and posterior branch of obturatorArtery: medial femoral circumflex, obturator, and popliteal muscle goes distallyFemur-longest and strongest bone in body-head is globe shaped and articulates with acetabulum-head is very smooth-acetabulum and head of femur together create hip joint-head has shallow depression known as fova capitis- serves as point of ligamentous attachment-neck connects to head and offsets the thigh from hip- allows for better ease of movementOther structures on femur:Greater trochanter- lateral and muscular attachment for gluteus maximusLesser trochanter- medial and inferior to greater trochanter- attachment for iliopsoasTrochanteric fossa- deep depression on medial side of greater trochanterIntrochanteric line- between trochanters anterior- serves as muscular attachmentThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Gluteal tuberosity- posterior and inferior to greater trochanter-serves as attachment for gluteal muscles- gluteal tuberosity continues distal as linea asperaOther Structures:Labium acetabulum- fibrocartilage ring that surrounds acetabulum- helps to deepen socket of jointTransverse acetabular ligament- attaches from superior pucis rami to labrum acetabulareLigamentum teres- hollow cone-shaped ligament that contains synovial fluid-compressed between head of femur and acetabular socket-contains neurovascular structures that supply head of femur-also is a synovial membrane lining with acetabulumSacrotuberous ligament- inferior/lateral border of sacrum to ischial tuberositySacrospinous ligament- inferior/lateral vorder of sacrum to ischial spine*these ligaments become taut with age and cause issues in pelvic region*Femoral Triangle-important junction between trunk and lower limb-vessels and nerves supplying lower extremity-base (top) formed by inguinal ligament-runs from ASIS to pubic tubercle-lateral border by Sartorius-medial border by adductor longus-pectineus muscle compromises floor of femoral triangleScarpa’s Triangle-junction at apex of distal point of adductor longus and SartoriusFemoral triangle contains femoral nerve, artery, vein and lymph nodes=-(N.A.V.L. from lateral to medial view)-structures continue distally, will pass anterior to adductor longus-lymph nodes swollen indicate infection in lower extremity- sore on palpation-view femoral triangle by placing person in figure 4 positionHip Joint-synovial ball and socket joint allows for wide range of motion/movement-rare to see injuries here- mostly car accident-fat pad inferior to hip joint in floor of acetabulum-hip joint surrounded by joint capsule and reinforced by 3 strong ligaments-iliofemoral “Y” ligament- strongest- prevents excessive extension and maintains erect posture- from AIIS to distal intertrochanteric line-Pubefemoral ligament- prevents excessive abduction and limits extension-ischiofemoral- prevents extension and distal posterior to acetabulum-all 3 ligaments are taut in extension, relaxed in flexion and external rotationMovement of hip (6 actions)-flexion= 130 degrees-extension= 30 degrees-abduction= 45 degrees-adduction= 20-30 degrees-internal rotation= 35 degrees-external rotation= 45 degreesNervous InnervationSciatic- largest nerve in body and conists of 2 nerves cound together- common peroneal and tibial-splits lower 1/3 of posterior thigh-comes off of sacral plexus-located between greater trochanter and ischial tuberosity-palpated nerve-runs under piriformis muscleFemoral- largest branch of lumbar plexus-femoral triangle has many terminal branches-innervates Sartorius and quadsObturator- branch of lumbar plexus-runs through obturator foramen and enters thigh-anterior and posterior branches-separated by adductor brevis muscle-anterior innervates gracillis, adductor longus and brevis-posterior innervates adductor magnus and external rotators-nerves also coming off lumbrosacral plexus and innervates different areas of hip and pelvis-piriformis, gemellus,