ANSC 303 1st Edition Lecture 14Outline of Last Lecture I. SGLT-1II. Monosaccharide TransportIII. Small IntestineIV. Blood Glucose HomeostasisV. High Blood GlucoseVI. Fasting in Non-Ruminanta. Gluconeogenisisb. Lipolysisc. ProteolysisVII. CHO Digestion - the RuminantVIII. ReticulorumenIX. Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs)Outline of Current Lecture I. VFA FormationII. Uses of VFAIII. VFA Production – Molar RatioIV. Importance of Rumen pHa. Influenced by:b. Determines:Current Lecture1. VFA Formation1. What happens when the glucose is digested to by…1. Celluloytic microbes1. 2 acetate + CO2 + CH4 + heat2. Cellylolytic microbes are on the fiber matt3. Therefore, when it is cold, feed hay because it produces heat2. Amylolytic 1. 2 propionate + water These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. No gas is produced2. This is the "best" because C is not wasted on gases2. 1 butyrate + CO2 + CH41. Heat is not produced2. C is wasted on gas2. Polysaccharides are broken down into just glucose3. Amylose needs amylolytic microbes4. Cellulose needs cellulolytic microbes2. Uses of VFAs1. The levels of VFAs in the body are always Acetate most, propionate the second, and butyrate the least2. The proportions produced depends on the diet3. Acetate1. 2 carbons2. Energy 3. Fatty acid synthesis4. Low energy 5. Fat production in ruminant1. Leads to:2. Marbling3. Milk fat 4. Propionate1. 3 carbons2. Energy 3. Gluconeogenic4. Serves as majority of gluconeogenesis5. Butyrate1. 4 carbons2. Most energy 3. Rumen epithelial cells use for energy 4. More grain = more butyrate3. VFA Production - Molar Ratio1. Acetate decreases as forage decreases2. Propionate and butyrate increase as forage decreasess3. Propionate is the most efficient4. High levels of propionate can lead to acidosis4. Importance of Rumen pH1. Influenced by:1. Salivia flow2. Diet composition3. Small particle size -> less rumination -> decreased cellulolytic activity -> leads to acetic acid -> leads to decreased pH4. Decreased pH can cause acidosis2. Determines:1. Microbial populations1. Cellulolytic microbes like pH of 7 2. Amylolytic cells like pH of 6 or lower2. VFA ratios3. Animal health 4. After pH pf 6, lactic acid appears ---
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