Psych 205 1st Edition Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture I. The Neo-Freudian TheoryOutline of Current Lecture II. Anxiety and coping strategiesIII. Looking into what Neurosis isIV. Psychoanalytic concepts and aggressionV. Attachment style and adult relationshipsCurrent LectureIn todays lecture we were introduced to another theorist known as Karen Horney. We talked about her and how she introduced feminine psychology and founded the American Institute for Psychoanalysis. We also talked about neurosis and how it connects with personality and the three different interaction styles that avoid anxiety-provoking experiences. We talked a little about Erich Fromm and who he was and also the strength and criticisms of Neo Freudian theories.Karen Horney-She studied Freud’s work and taught Psychoanalysis-Was not a student of Freud’s and took issues with his views of women-She argued that the role of cultural and social forces in contributing to difference among the genders-She came up with a quote “Life itself still remains a very effective therapist”-She suffered from depression so she used her studies to help her cope and this quote was a good motivator-She was asked to leave the New York Psychoanalytic institute and founded the American Institute for Psychoanalysis-Thought neurosis was critical for developing personality and named her own one called feminine psychologyThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Neurosis-Neurotic trapped in a self-defeating intrapersonal style-Prevents people from developing the social contact they unconsciously crave-Destructive intrapersonal style-defense mechanism to get rid of feelings of anxiety-Arises due to disturbed intrapersonal relationships during childhood-Thought that children grew up in homes that led to feelings of anxietyThree interaction Styles –To avoid anxiety-provoking experiences-Moving toward people: seek affection and acceptance and as adults they need to be loved and accepted “I should be sweet, self sacrificing, saintly”-Moving against people: Emphasis aggressiveness and hostility, do unto others before they do unto you, they might take advantage of others and or exploit other people “no one can hurt me”-Moving away from people-as a child they might learn to tune out the world and seek jobs requiring little interaction with others, they are “numb”’ to emotional experiences and want interaction but they are anxiety provoking10 categories of neurotic needs-Moving toward-affection/approval, need for a partner-Moving away-self sufficiency, perfection-Moving against-restrict life, power, exploit others, social recognition, personal admiration, ambitionFeminine Psychology-Had a problem with Freud’s concept of penis envy-Thought that men have a womb envy-Men envy women’s ability to bear and nurse children-Men compensation their inability to have children though achievement in other domains-In a society where men and women are free to become whatever they desire girls would not want to be boys or vice versa-Not a desire to be something elseApplication Psychoanalytic theory and religion-Freud’s perspective-challenged conventional thinking about religion in many ways-Religious behavior represents a form of neurosis “longing for powerful protector” and isa type of collective wish fulfillment-Thought God is an unconscious father figure-Jung’s perspective is that he went between favorable and unfavorable views and felt religion provides a sense of purpose and security-People across cultures inherit a god archetype in collective unconscious-People seek psychotherapy when religion fails to provide reassurance and modern religions have developed reassurance-Erich Fromm perspective –religion-People turn to powerful authority of church to escape from powerlessness and loneliness-With authorities, religious people are under the control of a powerful god and deny people their personal identity-Humanistic religions- God is a symbol of our own powerPersonality Assessment-Personal narratives: narration of one’s own life story, that requires describing turning point senses from one’s life-Interviews are recorded and transcribed, judges code stories according to preset criteria, scores tend to be consistent over time, accuracy of the story and selective-Generativity and life stories-Personal narratives are useful for studying Erik Erikson’s stages of personality development-Research indicates that number of stories reflecting generativity theme increased during the midlife decades and stories from highly generative adults contain: increased themes about friendship and sharing affiliation and nurturanceStrengths and Criticisms of Neo-Freudian Theories-Strengths:-Elaboration of vital concepts ignored by Freud, identification of social factors that influence the formation and change of personality.Strengths and Criticisms of Neo-Freudian Theories-Strengths:-Elaboration of vital concepts ignored by Freud, identification of social factors that influence the formation and change of personality, optimistic and flattering picture of humankind, introduction of new concept like identity crises, introverts and inferiority complexes-Criticisms:-Neo-Freudian theories are supported with questionable evidence, oversimplified or ignored important conceptsStart of Chapter 6-Anxiety: unpleasant emotional experience-Different types of anxiety: reality anxiety or objective anxiety-response to a perceived threat in the real world-Neurotic anxiety: experienced when unacceptable id impulses are dangerously close to breaking into consciousness and leads the ego to use defense mechanisms-Moral anxiety: brought up by the superego in response to id impulses that violate the superego’s strict moral code-Coping strategies: conscious efforts to reduce anxiety in the face of a perceived threat-women report using more coping strategies than men and it varies from person to personDistinctions Useful for Researchers-Diving coping strategies into those in which people take an active role to deal with the problem and people try to avoid the problem-Separating the active-role strategies in those aimed at the source of the stress and focused on the emotional reaction to the experienceTypes of Coping Strategies-Problem-focused strategies: intended to take care of the problem and thereby overcoming the anxiety-Emotion-focused