PE 101 1st EditionExam# 1 Study Guide Chapter1~4Chapter 1 Lifetime Health and wellnessGood health is when the mind and body are absent of illness or abnormality. Wellness is an extension of health. 5 dimensions of wellness-emotional wellness : ability to recognize, accept and take responsibility for your won range of feelings. Include the ability to seek help when needed to address areas of concern-social wellness: the relationships and the ability to connect with people, to devlop feelings of belonging, and to maintain a well-developed support group. Include mutual trust, respect, and an awareness of other people’s feelings. -Spiritual wellness : seeking the meanings of life and involves developing a sense of purpose in life.-Physical wellness: state of the body and involves recognizing the need for physical activity, healthy food ,and sleep.-Intellectual wellness: reference to the cognitive and involves stimulation of creative abilities, and finding ways to expand and explore knowledge.6 dimentsional-occupational or career wellness7 dimensional-environmental wellness8 dimensional-financial wellness9 dimensional -creative wellnessFive leading causes of death in the United States:heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory disease, strokes, and unintentional injuries.Benefit of good health and wellness-improve self-esteem and self-confidence-reduce feelings of tension-enhance your ability to handle stress, enhance emotional wellbing-decrease the risk of diseaseChapter 2Disease Disease is a medical term used when there are signs and symptoms that the body has been affected by some type of abnormal condition.Four main types of disease:deficiency disease, hereditary disease, pathogenic disease, and physiological diseaseAn infectious or transmittable disease is a medical condition that is considered a communicable disease and can be transmitted or spread from one person to another.Non-communicable disease is a medical conditiona that is non-infectiouse and is considered theleading causes of death today.Communicable disease Six link in the chain of infection: infectious agent(pathogen), resercior(host), prtal of exit(way agent is released from reservoir) , route of transmission( how agent is transmitted from reservoir to new host), portal of entry(method of entry into new host), susceptible host(pathogen’s new home)Risk factor-stress-environment-heredity, age , are ,socio-economical statusNon-communicable disease5 categories of non-communicable disease:chronic disease, degenerative disease, disease present at birth, disease caused from lifestyle, environmental diseasenon-communicable diseases require long-term medical care and may end up costing a person time out from their daily life and excessive amounts of money to counter the disease progression.Arthritis:a debilitating disease that includes aching and pain, stiffness and swelling in or around a jointcancer: the second leading cause of death, although the death rate seems to be decreasing leaving cancer to be more of a chronic, long-term disease, rather than an acute death sentenceChapter 3Overweight and ObesityBMI is the term given for a formula that calculates your fat to lean muscle ratio.Over25% is overweightOver30% is obesityBMI does not take into account fat distribution.3 types of body shape -mesomorph is the athletic looking build. the person who can gain muscle easily.-endomorph has the rounder look. Gain weight in the area of the abdomen. difficulty losing weight and should be aware of their caloric intake.-ectomorph is the taller, skinny, wiry person who has difficulty gaining muscle.The apple shape bodyThe pear shape bodyThe apple shape person lives a potentially health dangerous life because belly fat is dangerous to your health.Diets become fad if you don’t change your eating pattern.Weight is related to your intake of food and expenditure of energy.Chapter 4Current health issuesDiabetes Insulin is necessary for the body to breakdown glucose for energy.Type 1 diabetes or juveniles diabetes is most common among children and young adults.Type 2 diabetes is diagnosed when the cody doesn’t produse enough insulin or when the cells ignore the insulinHigh risk in the development of diacetesAfrican Americans , Hispanics ,Asian Americans, Native American Eating DisorderEating disorder include both abnormal eating habits of eating and excessice amount of tood andan insufficient amount of food.Bulimics on the other hand engage in frequent, often daily of binge eating in which they eat vey large amounts of food, often in secret, and then rid the intake through vomiting, laxative, fastingand exerciseDrug UseDrug abuse is a term that means different thing depending on your occupation and to what you are referring, however it usually means inappropriate and repeated use.Drug dependenceThat you are dependent upon the drug, or in other words you are addictied.NicotineSafe sexSTD are spread from person to person through vaginal, oral, or anal sex.Sexually transmitted disease may be caused due to a bacterical infection, a viral infection, a fungal infection, or by parasites.Sleep DepreivationBasal sleep is the amount of sleep your body needs on a regular basis to function at your optimal level.Sleep debt is the accumulated sleep you lose due to poor sleeping habits, sickness, and environmental awakenings.The first state is ta state of drowsiness or light sleepThe stage 2 lasts between ten and twenty minutesStage three is the restorative sleep stage and a transitional stage from light sleep to very deep sleep.Stage four is a deep sleep stage that last for about 30 minutes. Stage five is where most of your dreaming