BSC 181 1st Edition Lecture 17 Outline of Last Lecture I. Osteomalacia vs RicketsII. Bones of the CraniumIII. Bones of the faceIV. Curves of the SpineOutline of Current Lecture V. Intervertebral DiscVI. Male vs Female PelvisesVII. Ankle BonesVIII. Other BonesCurrent LectureIntervertebral discAn intervertebral disc is broken up into two parts:Nucleus Pulposus: this gives the disc its elasticity and compressibility Anulus Fibrosus: this is what surrounds the nucleus pulposus, it is composed of collagen fibers and fibrocartilage and it makes a strong collar that binds the successive vertebrae togetherHow do male and female pelvises Male: more narrow, heavier and thicker bones, closer together, tilted less forward, pubic angle 50 to 60Female: more wide, lighter and smother bones, farther apart, tilted more forward, pubic angle 80 to 90 degreesInner ankle (medial malleolus)Medial Malleolus: also known as the little hammer, it forms the medial bulge of the ankleThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Outer ankle (lateral malleolus)Lateral Malleolus: this forms the lateral ankle bulge and it articulates with the talusOther BonesRibs and their attachment: there are 12 pairs of ribs. Pairs 1-7 are called true (vertebrosternal) ribs because they are the only ones that truly attach to the sternum. The other pairs are indirectly attached to the sternum through cartilage. These are called false ribs and they are the pairs 8-10. Pairs 11-12 are called floating ribs.Pectoral Girdle: (shoulder girdle) this contains clavicles (which are collar bones) and scapulae (which are the shoulder blades) that attach the upper limbs to the axial skeletonHumerus: is the longest and strongest bone of the upper limbs. It articulates distally with the radius and ulnaThe Radius and the Ulna: these are the bones that are in the forearm. The ulna is the pinky side and the radius is the thumb side. The ulna makes a major part of the elbow joint. Interosseous membrane (means: in between bone) connects radius and ulna in between these two bones.Femur: largest and strongest bone in the body, located in the thigh, and it is ¼ of a person’s heightPatella: (the knee) a sesamoid boneTibula: this receives weight from the femur and transfers it to the footFibula: this is not weight bearing, and it has no articulation with the femur, and several muscles originate from the