AVS 101 1st Edition Lecture 10ReproductionReproduction is a complicated biochemical process of many organs3 Requirements for Successful Reproduction Physiological compatibility• Parts must fit Willing partners Timing• Sperm/egg life limitedGoals for domesticated animals Larger litters – more offspring Higher conception rate Lower breeding costs Fewer culled animals Short intervals between birthsMitosis is ….. Somatic (body) cells are madeMeiosis Germ cells are made• Primary cellXY = maleXX = femaleGenotype Genetic “code”Phenotype Physical expressionMale Reproductive Organs Similar in parts, varying degrees of shapesScrotum Temperature control of testes• External cremaster muscleRaises and lowers scrotumTestes Primary sex organ Produces sperm cells in seminiferous tubules Produces testosterone in interstitial cells Castration eliminates function of scrotum & testes Monorchid/Cryptorchid• One or both testicles fail to descend into scrotumEpididymis Sperm cells matured & stored Contracts to cause ejaculationVas deferens Spermatic duct Vasectomy à remove vas Spermatic cord = blood vessels, vas deferens, EC muscle Ampulla – enlargement of vas deferensSex accessory glands Seminal vesicles Prostate gland – not in all animals Cowper’s gland• Provides semen• Activates sperm• Adds volume• Energy source = nutrients & electrolytes• Neutralize urine acidityUrethra Passage of urine & spermPenis Organ of copulation Erectile penis – horse, man Fibroelastic penis – bull has sigmoid
View Full Document
Unlocking...