PSYC 100 1st Edition Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture I. Sensation and PerceptionII. ThresholdsIII. Processing SystemsIV. The Visual System V. Neural Receptors on RetinaVI. Visual Information Processing: Theories of Color Vision VII. Form and Pattern PerceptionVIII. Gestalt Principals Outline of Current Lecture II. Perceiving DepthIII. Monocular Depth CuesIV. The Auditory System V. Inner EarVI. Gustatory (taste) SystemVII.Olfactory System (smell)VIII. Other Sensory SystemsCurrent LecturePerceiving DepthDepth Perception: interpretation of visual cues that indicate how near or far away objects areBinocular Cues: Clues about distance based on the differing views of the two eyes. Retinal Disparity: The left and right retinas perceive slightly different images. Monocular Depth CuesMonocular Cues: clues about distance based on the image in either eye aloneMotion Parallax: objects that are far away appear tp pass by more slowly than nearby objectsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Pictorial Depth Cues: Clues about depth that can be given in a plat picture.Ex. Texture gradient: the further away the fuzzier Linear perspective: lines look like they are getting further away, ex. Train tracks Interposition: crayons in front of one another Size consistency : big and small cars Ames room: a room designed to give size-distance illusion The Ponzo room: Since the objects are the same size, the depth cues tell your brain that the further object should appear smaller (if they were the same size) ex. Two same size lines on train tracks, has linear perspective The Auditory System The auditory system funtions by receiving and interpreting sound wavesFrequency (pitch): dimension of frequency determined by wavelength of soundWavelength: the distance from the peak of one wave to the peak of the lengthIntensity (loudness): amount of energy in a wave determined by amplitude relates to perceive loudness (how high the wave is) ex. Hearing test on Andrew’s phone Quality (Timbre): characteristics of sound from a zither and guitar allow the ear to distinguish between the zither and guitar. Inner Ear:Ossicles: amplify sounds. The Inner ear: contains the cochlea, a fluid filled tunnel that resembles a snail’s shell. Basilar Membrane: runs the length of the cochlea, and contains hair cells that detect movementof the fluid in the cochlea and send these signals to the auditory cortex.Gustatory (taste) System-functions by perceiving signals from soluble (dissolvable) chemicals.The receptors for taste are located in the taste buds that line the toungeInterestingly, we only have 5 types of taste buds: sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami(savory, protein)Olfactory System (smell)-detects chemicals, only these chemicals are volatile( evaporated)Odor molecules travel through the nasel passageway and are dissolved in the mucus of the nosethere, the receptors (called olfactory cilia) send olfactory signals to the brain Other Sensory SystemsTouch: detects mechanism, chemical, and thermal information, including pressure, pain, and temperature. Ex. Back vs. fingertipsKinesthetic: monitors the positions of the various parts of the bodyVestibular: keeps you informed balance, orientation, and motion (car sick, brain thinks eat something
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