Phil 202 1st Edition Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture I. Meditation 6: Mind, Body and ImaginationII. Who is Leibniz?III. Monads and Background on Leibniz PhilosophyIV. The Two Great PrinciplesV. The Two Types of Truths Outline of Current Lecture I. Review of TermsII. Sufficient Reason and GodIII. The Mind and Body in terms of Pre-established HarmonyCurrent LectureI. Review of Terms- Entelechy – what actualizes potential- Analytic truth – deny a predicate = contradictiono Ex: A bachelor is an unmarried man.- Synthetic truth – denied predicate does not make a contradictiono Ex: The chair is blue.II. Sufficient Reason and God- Following the principle of sufficient reason, is the principle of best.- God has reason, will and power.- God appeals to sufficient reason (chooses our world, which is the best of all possible worlds.) God is subservient to reason.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- From God’s perspective, world looks perfect – not from ours.- Perfection = order over variety- Voluntarism – x is good because god wills it- Non-voluntarism – God wills it because it is goodIII. The Mind and Body in terms of Pre-established Harmony- Souls – organize the matter that is the body, unifies something into a wholeo Ex: drip of water = whole- Leibniz - Mind and body = pre-established harmony originated by Godo Pre-established harmony is thrown out by today’s philosophers- To explain mind and body:1) Pre-established harmony2) Efficient cause (physical influx)3) Occasionalism- The mind is compelled to understand God, reasons, what’s right- God guarantees justice.- We have reason like God’s, so we can enter his society.- Leibniz thinks morality is knowledge. Morality is not about feeling; it’s about logic. - Leibniz was an internalist/rationalist.- Reason, logic and law of contradiction are necessary.- Certainty vs. Necessary and Contingent truths- Necessary = predetermined- Contingent = possibleo Ex: When Caesar crosses Rubicon, he makes the choice. From Caesar’s perspective, he is free, even though God know what he is going to
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