GC 170 1st Edition Lecture 9Outline of Last Lecture I. Greenhouse affecta. IR Bandsb. No Greenhouse gases?I. Energy Budgeta. Balance between incoming/outgoingb. Balance budget definitionc. Albedoi. High/Lowd. 30% ruleOutline of Current Lecture II. Energy Budget and phase changesa. Incoming/outgoing energyi. Reflected/Absorbedb. Greenhouse gasesi. Warmer Tempii. Melting Ice capsc. Convection in atmosphereIII. States of mattera. Warmcoldb. ColdwarmIV. Definition of Latent Heata. Example of dry desertCurrent LectureI. Group Activity II. Energy Budget and phase changes a. Planetary energy balance representsi. Complex sustem of incoming and outgoing radiationii. (Mostly) balances at the top of the atmosphereiii. Fairly constant temperatureb. Average amount of incoming solar radiation = 342 W/m2c. Incoming solar energyi. Reflected1. Clouds (23%)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.2. Surface (7%)ii. Absorbed1. Surface (47%)2. By atmosphere (UV) (22%)d. Outgoing radiationi. Radiated upwards 1. Gas and clouds (58%)2. Surface radiation radiated up (116%)ii. Radiated downwards (98%)iii. Passes through atmosphere (12%)e. What happens with increased greenhouse gases?i. Warmer surface tempii. Melting iceiii. Increases absorption of solar radiationf. Convection in the atmospherei. Circulates heat around troposphere1. Air is warmed2. Becomes less dense and rises3. Cooler air sinks and replaces g. States of matteri. Phase change: the transition between different states1. Ice liquid water water vapor2. Substance warms of cools, heat changes and can be felt, but phase change energy is absorbed or released from environment during phase changea. Latent Heatb. Warming energy is absorbed making surroundings cooler3. Evaporation makes environment cooler (water to warm environment)4. Condensation: water vapor transitions into water, making the molecules slow down and release heat h. Dry desert has no latent heati. Cold continent, no evaporation1. Latent energy greatest over oceans warmer than the land
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