HIST 151 1st Edition Lecture 18Medieval EuropeMulticultural Foundations - Runic box lid (c. 700 AD)-made of whalebone- Legend of Weyland (Celtic) o A smith who decapitated King Niphad’s son & shaped it into a drinking cupo 3 Magi coming to visit baby JesusNew distinctly European culture north of the Alps (500-1300)—why?- 4 strands:o classicalo Christian o Germanico Borrowings from Islam & ByzantiumWhy European and not Roman?- Influence of Rome shrank at fall of empire How did “barbarian” invasions contribute to European history?- Vandals, Visigoths, Saxons, Angles, Franks, Huns- Non-Mediterranean traditions o Illiterateo Easter rabbits & Christmas treeso The Comitarus & foundations of medieval feudalism Oath of loyalty –very importanto Migratory, not sedentary Moveable hutso C. 600 AD Lombard invasionsRise of Franks- Source: Gregory, bishop of Tours (d. 594 CE)- Clovis- early representation in Germany- Christianization Franks from Arianism- Clovis (d. 511 AD) and the merogovingian- Mayor of the Pelace- Charles Martel (d. 741)o Pepin (son) the short (d. 768 AD) & Charlemagne (d. 814) Pepin becomes king Fights Lombards for the pope Donation of Pepin creates the Papal states Charlemagne rules (768-814 AD)- “founder of Europe”—why?- Romant Empire - Justinian (d. 565)o Attempt to from Vandals N. Africa from Vandals Rome o Corpus Ciuruis- law of the state o Caesaropapism Court ceremony Greek languageo Hagia Sophia (537-537 AD) “holy wisdom”Spread of Islam- prophet Mohammed (d. 632)- Arabia to Spain by 750 - Preserver of Hellenistic culture in Arabic Early medieval Mediterranean empires- Pirenne thesiso Henri Pirenne (1862-1935)o To explain separate N. European, non- Mediterranean culture in medieval west Fall of Rome not by Christians or Germanic tribesman—came later(8th century) Argued Islam blocked East/West trade Argued Crusades reopened the Mediterranean to the West (12th century)o Criticisms Medieval Europe explained not by external, but internal factors in the West Decline of Roman cities—rural economy Lack of European demand for luxury trade w/ east—decline of money Crusades consequence of renewed East/West contact- Economic demand is backCharlemagne (d. 814 AD)- Conqueroro Unifier of Rome (Saxony, Bavaria, N. Spain, Lombard lands)- Administrator, emperor, patron - Titles—“Charles the Great”o “crowned by
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