DM 120 1st Edition Exam 2 Study Guide Lectures 5 7 Lecture 5 February 11 Introduction to manufactured fibers Describing the properties of each fiber and trademark The order of Manufactured Fibers describing properties differences 1910 Rayon 1939 Nylon 1959 Spandex 1980 Microfibers 2002 PLA Nanotechnology Rayon Key Properties is a cellulose first US manufactured fiber Trademarks Galaxy Rayon Bemberg Lensing Viscose Good strength no static or pilling washable weak when wet shrinkage attached my mildew Polyester Key Properties most used manufactured fiber in the US Properties medium weight good strength hydrophobic don t absorb water Trademark Companies Coolmax ESP Nylon Made in 1939 2nd most used fabric in US Properties lightweight strong good elasticity washable good elasticity resiliency static pilling Acetate Formed from cellulose acetate substance Properties good draping bad strength bad resistance Trademarks Celanse Estron Acrylic Manufactured fiber used as wool substitution Properties lightweight good sunlight resistance weak pills static Trademarks Dralon Silpalon Olefin Polypropylene Polyethylene types Properties lightweight strong hydrophobic fiber Used for active wear mostly Spandex First made in 1959 by DePont Stretches up to 500 then returns to shape Filament Long Fibers Properties Lightweight good strength no pilling static poor air resistance Trademarks Lycra Golspan Dorlastan PLA Polylactic Acid Biodegradable Material made from corn and sugar beets Metallic Fiber Used to make gold silver stainless steel E Textiles wearable fabrics Creates static free fabrics Fluoropolymer Trademarks Gore Tex Wind Water resistance Microfibers Help better the properties of the normal fiber Lecture 2 February 16 How are spun yarns and filament yarns different When are both of the fibers used Which materials are these yarn types Spun Yarns Types of Spun Yarns a Wool Fibers woolen made of carded yarns used for blankets jackets worsed made of combed yarns smooth even maintains stability b Linen Fibers tow short fibers irregular line long fibers above 15 inches c Cotton Fibers carded the processes to clean detangle combed the processes of removing short fibers reserving long fibers costly Filament Yarns Smooth Straight fibers Not twisted together because already long Types of Filament Yarns Multifilament Fibers Multiple pieces of fibers together Monofilament One single strand of fiber Materials Filament Yarns Acrylic Silk Spandex Spun Yarns Wool Cotton natural fibers BOTH Polyester Nylon Rayon Acetate Lecture 7 February 18 Understanding yarn twisting and the yarn number system How to figure out the single yarn equation Yarn Twist S twist goes clockwise Z twist goes counter clockwise Yarn Number system Denier System a Used for filament fibers b Measured by weight per length c Weight per 9000 meters d Also known as Tax System in Canada and Europe Yarn Count System a Used for spun fibers b Measured in length per unit weight DON T HAVE TO REMEMBER THE EXACT MEASUREMENT OF UNIT FOR TEST Single vs Ply Single Yarns can be twisted down to single FIBERS Play Yarns can be twisted into smaller YARNS Single Yarn Equivalent a For Denier System of single yarns of ply yarn equivalent b For Yarn Count System of single yarns X of ply yarn equivalent