DOC PREVIEW
IUPUI BIOL 101 - Cell signaling

This preview shows page 1 out of 3 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 3 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 3 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

BIOL K101 1st Edition Lecture 16Outline of Last Lecture Light Independent Reactions (Carbohydrate Synthesis)Calvin CycleCO2 FixationReduction of CO2Use of NADPH and ATP from Light Dependent ReactionsProduction of GlucoseOther Photosynthetic PathwaysPhotorespirationC4 PlantsKranz AnatomySpatial SeparationCAM PlantsTemporal SeparationOutline of Current Lecture External Signals Cell ResponsesDirect ContactGap Junctions/PlasmodesmataLocalParacrineSynapseLong DistanceEndocrinePhosphorylationKinasesPhosphatasesThree Stages of SignalingReceptionSignaling Molecule-LigandPlasma Membrane ReceptorLigand-gated ion channelsEnzymatic (Receptor tyrosine kinases)G Protein coupled receptorsIntracellular (Internal Receptors)Steroid HormonesTransductionSignal Transduction PathwaysThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Protein Phosphorylation/dephosphorylation (Receptor tyrosine kinases)Phosphorylation cascadeSmall Molecules and Ions (G protein Coupled Receptor)Secondary messangerscAMPCalcium ions and Inisitol trisphosphate (IP3)Current Lecture Cells need to communicate with each other. They need to release neurotransmitters from one cell to another though cell signaling. Fight or flight response is an epinephrine release but epinephrine does not go into the cells. In response the cells release glucose. Neurotransmitter are released through exocytosis and accepted through endocytosis. Cell junctions are between animal cells. Plasmodesmata between plant cells. The receptor must be specific to the signal. Epinephrine response occurs throughout a signal transduction pathway which is a series of steps in which a signal at a cells surface is converted into a specific cellular response without entering the cell. Reception is the binding of the signal and the receptor (ligand) causing a shape change. The shape change signals step 2.1. G protein couple receptors (GPCRs) receptor on the cell surface and are coupled witha G protein. 50% of over the counter drug bind to GPCRs2. Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTKs) move around phosphates. Therefore, these are receptors that also phosphorylate things. Occasionally they go bad and cause cancer.3. Ion channel receptors4. Intracellular receptors Epinehpornie is the first messenger and binds to the G coupled protein receptor (uses GTP instead of ATP). Travels down the membrane and bumps into an enzyme called adenylyl cyclase which has an active site for GTP. Adenylyl cyclase takes ATP and makes it into cAMP (the second messenger) and is bound to the membrane meaning they cannot get into the cell. Caffeine is an adenylyl cyclase stimulator. Phosphorylates protein kinase A which phosphorylates a cellular response. GPCR is a plasma membrane receptor that works with the G protein. First messengers bind to GPCP and further signal the G protein. They span the membrane 7 times. cAMP is a second messenger and activated when the G protein binds with the adenylyl cyclase which converts ATP to cAMP. cAMP activated protein kinase A. Phosphodiesterase chips away cyclic reaction and turns cAMP to AMP shutting down the cell signaling.Receptor Tyrosine kinases are monomers (single units). When they get together they phosphorylate each other a stimulate a cellular response. If you have one of these go bad, that is when you get cancer. 70% of cancer has to do with a RTK defect. Paper cut causes RTK to dimerate (bind together) and they phosphorylate themselves (auto) and they give the phosphates to relay proteins. As long as they have ATP they can keep phosphorylating relays proteins. Breast cancer- too many RTK’s dimerizing without a signal to do so. Herceptine is a revolutionary drug that bind to the dividing site of the RTK and physically stops it from


View Full Document
Download Cell signaling
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Cell signaling and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Cell signaling 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?