CJUS 4650 1st Edition Lecture 10Outline of Last Lecture I. RobberiesII. Cumulative RisksIII. Differential RisksIV. Reducing RisksOutline of Current Lecture V. Crime PreventionVI. Criminals as VictimsVII. Equivalent Group ExplanationVIII.Deterrence TheoryCurrent LectureFrom Crime Prevention to Victimization Prevention- Risk Reduction Activitieso Avoidance strategies: Actions taken to limit exposure to dangerous personso Target hardening: Using locks, fences, surveillance - Risk Management Tactico Carrying a concealed weapono Going to the club in groups- Crime prevention through environmental designo Well lit areas- Crime resistanceo Making it tougher for offender to seek you out as prey- Crime consciouso Street smart, putting yourself one step ahead of an offendero Personal responsibility to keep out of trouble- Valve theory of crime shiftso Predicts target hardening strategies will not reduce criminal events, only displacethem to other locations May decrease victimization rates for some while increasing victimization rates for others Ex: Alarm on your house, so the potential burglar may turn to robbery or stealing carsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Criminals as Victims- Equivalent Group explanationso Theory postulates offenders select their victims from their own circles of adversaries, acquaintances, and even former friendso Victims wo engage in certain high-risk deviant lifestyles or subcultures are viewed in a less than sympathetic light Drug scene deaths Gang shootings Binge drinking situations- Equivalent Group Explanation applied to drinking, drug taking, and fightingo Drinking Selective-disinhibition perspective Outlet-attractor perspectiveo Drugs Turf battles, buyer/seller conflict, buyer/seller robberyo Fighting Subculture of violence theoryDeterrence Theory Applied to Victims- Classical School (Rational Choice Theory)o Suggests would-be offenders can be deterred by prospects of apprehension, conviction, and punishmento Does this same theory apply to victims?o Do 1st time victims learn their lesson?o More research is needed to
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